ReviewClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2011
The multi-faceted influences of estrogen on lymphocytes: toward novel immuno-interventions strategies for autoimmunity management.
Review in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menstrual and reproductive factors, and hormonal contraception use: associations with non-Hodgkin lymphoma in a pooled analysis of InterLymph case-control studies.Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology · 2012Pooled it
- Inflammaging: triggers, molecular mechanisms, immunological consequences, sex differences, and cutaneous manifestations.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- [Sex-specific differences of special tumor diseases].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Effects of Hormone Therapy and Flavonoids Capable on Reversal of Menopausal Immune Senescence.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Sex hormone-binding globulin provides a novel entry pathway for estradiol and influences subsequent signaling in lymphocytes via membrane receptor.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Predictors of immunotherapy-induced immune-related adverse events.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2018Article
- The Natural Agonist of Estrogen Receptor β Silibinin Plays an Immunosuppressive Role Representing a Potential Therapeutic Tool in Rheumatoid Arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Sex Hormones in Acquired Immunity and Autoimmune Disease.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Peripheral Lymphocyte Subsets as a Marker of Parkinson's Disease in a Chinese Population.Neuroscience bulletin · 2017Article
- Estrogens Promote the Production of Natural Neutralizing Antibodies in Fish through G Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor 1.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Immunology of neuromyelitis optica during pregnancy.Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation · 2016Review
- Impact of Estrogen Therapy on Lymphocyte Homeostasis and the Response to Seasonal Influenza Vaccine in Post-Menopausal Women.PloS one · 2016Article
- Associations of IFN-γ rs2430561 T/A, IL28B rs12979860 C/T and ERα rs2077647 T/C polymorphisms with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection: a meta-analysis.Journal of biomedical research · 2014Article
- Serine protease inhibition attenuates rIL-12-induced GZMA activity and proinflammatory events by modulating the Th2 profile from estrogen-treated mice.Endocrinology · 2014Article
- Association of genetic variants in estrogen receptor α with HCV infection susceptibility and viral clearance in a high-risk Chinese population.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2014Article
- The dopaminergic system in autoimmune diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Review
- Autoantibodies to estrogen receptor α in systemic sclerosis (SSc) as pathogenetic determinants and markers of progression.PloS one · 2013Article
- Gender differences in cancer susceptibility: an inadequately addressed issue.Frontiers in genetics · 2012Article
- Reproductive immunology: a focus on the role of female sex hormones and other gender-related factors.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Article
- Estrogen receptors in immunity and autoimmunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Early studies of the immune system disclosed that, generally, females exhibit stronger responses to a variety of antigens than males. Perhaps as a result of this response, women are more prone to developing autoimmune diseases than men. Yet, the precise cellular and molecular mechanisms remain under investigation. Recently, interferon-gamma and the related pro-inflammatory interleukin-12 were found to be under effects of sex steroid hormones, with potential implications in regulating immune cells and autoimmune responses. In B lymphocytes, functional binding sites for estrogen receptors were identified in the promoter of the gene encoding activation-induced deaminase, an enzyme required for somatic hypermutation, and class-switch recombination. The observation that estrogen exerts direct impacts on antibody affinity-maturation provides a potential mechanism that could account for generating pathogenic high-affinity auto-antibodies. Further deciphering the multi-faceted influences of sex hormones on the responsiveness of immune cells could lead to novel therapeutic interventions for autoimmunity management.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.