ArticleJournal of molecular histology2009
MMP-9 and CD68(+) cells are required for tissue remodeling in response to natural hydroxyapatite.
Article in Journal of molecular histology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The influence of surface modified poly(l-lactic acid) films on the differentiation of human monocytes into macrophages.Biomaterials science · 2017Article
- Role of material-driven fibronectin fibrillogenesis in protein remodeling.BioResearch open access · 2013Article
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- Article
- Biological monitoring of a xenomaterial for grafting: an evaluation in critical-size calvarial defects.Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine · 2011Article
- Immunolocalization and activity of the MMP-9 and MMP-2 in odontogenic region of the rat incisor tooth after post shortening procedure.Journal of molecular histology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Large bone defects represent major clinical problems in the practice of reconstructive orthopedic and craniofacial surgery. The aim of this study was to examine, through immunohistochemistry approach, the involvement of MMP-9 and CD68(+) cells during tissue remodeling in response to natural hydroxyapatite (HA) implanted in rat subcutaneous tissue. Before experimentation, forty animals were randomly distributed into two experimental groups: Group-I (Gen-Ox micro-granules) and Group-II (Gen-Ox macro-granules). Afterwards, the biopsies were collected after 10, 20, 30, and 60 days post-implantation. Our results showed that at 10 days, a low-renewal foreign body type granuloma formation was observed in most of the cases. Macrophage- and fibroblast-like cells were the predominant type of cells positively stained for MMP-9 in both groups. Once macrophage-like cells seemed to be the major source of MMP9, antibody against pan-CD68 epitope was used to correlate these findings. In agreement, MMP-9 and CD68(+) cells were distributed at the periphery and the central region of the granuloma in all experimental periods, however no staining was observed in cell contacting to material. Besides macrophages, the lysosomal glycoprotein epitope recognized by CD68 antibodies can be expressed by mast cell granules and sometimes by fibroblasts. Taken together, our results suggest that xenogenic HA promotes extracellular matrix remodeling through induction of MMP-9 activity and presence of CD68(+) cells.
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