ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2010
Expression of TGF-beta signaling factors in invasive breast cancers: relationships with age at diagnosis and tumor characteristics.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of tumour grade on disease survival in male breast cancer patients: a systematic review.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Pooled it
- Tumoral pSMAD2 as a prognostic biomarker in early-stage breast cancer: insights from the randomized SweBCG91RT trial.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Trial
- Imatinib mesylate for the treatment of steroid-refractory sclerotic-type cutaneous chronic graft-versus-host disease.Biology of blood and marrow transplantation : journal of the American Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation · 2015Trial
- TGF-β signaling pathway and breast cancer susceptibility.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2011Trial
- Bioinformatic Approach to Identify Positive PrognosticInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- TGFβ Governs the Pleiotropic Activity of NDRG1 in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Progression.International journal of biological sciences · 2023Article
- Decreased Levels of Microfibril-Associated Glycoprotein (MAGP)-1 in Patients with Colon Cancer and Obesity Are Associated with Changes in Extracellular Matrix Remodelling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Perception of breast cancer risk factors: Dysregulation of TGF-β/miRNA axis in Pakistani females.PloS one · 2021Article
- Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2018Article
- Recombinant fibromodulin and decorin effects on NF-κB and TGFβ1 in the 4T1 breast cancer cell line.Oncology letters · 2017Article
- InFlo: a novel systems biology framework identifies cAMP-CREB1 axis as a key modulator of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.Oncogene · 2017Article
- Associations of the Transforming Growth Factor β/Smad Pathway, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity With Breast Cancer Outcomes: Results From the Shanghai Breast Cancer Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2016Article
- Future paradigms for precision oncology.Oncotarget · 2016Review
- Quantitation of TGF-β proteins in mouse tissues shows reciprocal changes in TGF-β1 and TGF-β3 in normal vs neoplastic mammary epithelium.Oncotarget · 2016Article
- Mammary epithelial cell phagocytosis downstream of TGF-β3 is characterized by adherens junction reorganization.Cell death and differentiation · 2016Article
- Transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway cross-talking with ERα signaling pathway on regulating the growth of uterine leiomyoma activated by phenolic environmental estrogens in vitro.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Article
- TGFβ isoforms and receptors mRNA expression in breast tumours: prognostic value and clinical implications.BMC cancer · 2015Article
- CCL9 Induced by TGFβ Signaling in Myeloid Cells Enhances Tumor Cell Survival in the Premetastatic Organ.Cancer research · 2015Article
- Host age is a systemic regulator of gene expression impacting cancer progression.Cancer research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) pathway can play either a tumor-suppressing or a tumor-promoting role in human breast carcinogenesis. In order to determine whether expression of TGF-beta signaling factors varies by age at onset and breast tumor characteristics that have prognostic significance, we undertook a study of 623 women with invasive breast carcinoma enrolled in a population-based case-control study conducted in Poland from 2000 to 2003. TGF-beta signaling factors were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tumor tissue microarrays. We found that most tumors expressed extracellular-TGF-beta1 (78%), TGF-beta2 (91%), TGF-beta3 (93%), TGF-betaR2 (72%), and phospho-SMAD2 (61%), whereas intracellular-TGF-beta1 was expressed in 32% of tumors. Expression of TGF-beta ligands (beta1, beta2, and beta3) was associated with prognostically favorable pathological features including small size, and low grade, and these associations were similar for ER-positive and negative tumors. On the contrary, expression of the receptor TGF-betaR2 was primarily associated with small tumor size among ER-negative tumors, while expression of the transcription factor phospho-SMAD2 was associated with positive nodal status among ER-negative tumors. The greater frequency of expression of phospho-SMAD2 in cancers associated with lymph node metastases is consistent with a pro-progression role for TGF-beta. In addition, expression of extracellular-TGF-beta1 (P = 0.005), TGF-betaR2 (P = 8.2E-11), and phospho-SMAD2 (P = 1.3E-8) was strongly associated with earlier age at onset, independent of ER status. Our data provide evidence that TGF-beta signaling patterns vary by age and pathologic features of prognostic significance including ER expression. These results warrant analysis in studies of clinical outcomes accounting for age, ER status and treatment.
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