ArticleHuman reproduction (Oxford, England)2010
Economic evaluation of diagnosing and excluding ectopic pregnancy.
Article in Human reproduction (Oxford, England), 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ectopic pregnancy.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2024Review
- Untargeted Metabolomic Biomarker Discovery for the Detection of Ectopic Pregnancy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Article
- Identification of noninvasive diagnostic biomarkers for ectopic pregnancy using data-independent acquisition (DIA)proteomics: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Factors Associated with Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy: A 10-Year Review at a District Hospital in Ghana.Obstetrics and gynecology international · 2022Article
- Study of Risk factors and treatment modalities of ectopic pregnancy.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2021Article
- A Novel Intelligent Scan Assistant System for Early Pregnancy Diagnosis by Ultrasound: Clinical Decision Support System Evaluation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2019Article
- Detection of complicated ectopic pregnancies in the hospital discharge database: A validation study.PloS one · 2019Article
- Ectopic pregnancy: Review of 80 cases.Medical journal, Armed Forces India · 2018Article
- Clinical audit of ectopic pregnancy.Electronic physician · 2017Article
- Developing a knowledge base to support the annotation of ultrasound images of ectopic pregnancy.Journal of biomedical semantics · 2017Article
- Following declining human chorionic gonadotropin values in pregnancies of unknown location: when is it safe to stop?Fertility and sterility · 2016Article
- The impact of tubal ectopic pregnancy in Papua New Guinea--a retrospective case review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2013Article
- Article
- Maternal Serum Macrophage Inhibitory Cytokine-1 as a Biomarker for Ectopic Pregnancy in Women with a Pregnancy of Unknown Location.PloS one · 2013Article
- Ectopic pregnancy: when is expectant management safe?Gynecological surgery · 2012Article
- How and when human chorionic gonadotropin curves in women with an ectopic pregnancy mimic other outcomes: differences by race and ethnicity.Fertility and sterility · 2012Article
- The role of estrogen in the pathophysiology of tubal ectopic pregnancy.American journal of translational research · 2012Article
- Evaluation of ADAM-12 as a diagnostic biomarker of ectopic pregnancy in women with a pregnancy of unknown location.PloS one · 2012Article
- Diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancy.The journal of family planning and reproductive health care · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy in women presenting in early pregnancy is often protracted, relying on costly investigations that are psychologically burdensome to the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the financial costs to the health services in Scotland of the current methods used to diagnose and exclude ectopic pregnancy, and compare these with that of a theoretical single diagnostic serum biomarker.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective cost-description analysis (with and without costs of diagnostic laparoscopy) of the health-care costs incurred by all patients presenting to a large Scottish teaching hospital between June and September 2006 with pain and bleeding in early pregnancy, where ectopic pregnancy was not excluded. Additionally, a cost minimization analysis was performed for the costs of current ectopic pregnancy investigations versus those of a theoretical single diagnostic serum biomarker. This included sensitivity analyses where the biomarker was priced at increasing values and assumed to have less than 100% diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.
resultsAbout 175 patients were eligible to be included in the analysis. Forty-seven per cent of patients required more than three visits to diagnose or exclude ectopic pregnancy. The total yearly cost for diagnosing and excluding ectopic pregnancy was 197K pound sterling for the hospital stated, and was estimated to be 1364K pound sterling for Scotland overall. Using a theoretical diagnostic serum biomarker we calculated that we could save health services up to 976K pound sterling (lowest saving 251K pound sterling after subanalysis) every year in Scotland.
conclusionsEctopic pregnancy is expensive to diagnose and exclude, and the investigation process is often long and might involve significant psychological morbidity. The development of a single diagnostic serum biomarker would minimize this morbidity and lead to significant savings of up to 1 million pounds per year in Scotland.
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