ArticleVaccine2010
Characterization of WRSs2 and WRSs3, new second-generation virG(icsA)-based Shigella sonnei vaccine candidates with the potential for reduced reactogenicity.
Article in Vaccine, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Clinical Trial of an Oral Live Shigella sonnei Vaccine Candidate, WRSS1, in Thai Adults.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Trial
- Efficacy of WRSs2, a live-attenuated Shigella sonnei vaccine, against shigellosis in a controlled human infection model in the USA: a phase 2, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Characterization ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- BECC-engineered live-attenuated Shigella vaccine candidates display reduced endotoxicity with robust immunogenicity in mice.Vaccine · 2025Article
- BECC-engineered live-attenuatedResearch square · 2024Article
- Review
- Oral immunization withmSphere · 2024Article
- Shigella virulence protein VirG is a broadly protective antigen and vaccine candidate.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Toward aInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- TheVaccines · 2022Review
- Identification and evaluation of novel vaccine candidates against Shigella flexneri through reverse vaccinology approach.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2021Article
- Shigella sonnei: virulence and antibiotic resistance.Archives of microbiology · 2021Review
- Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges.Gut microbes · 2020Review
- Development of Silica-Immobilized Vaccines for Improving Thermo-Tolerance and Shelf-Life.Kansas journal of medicine · 2020Article
- Article
- Shigellosis: Epidemiology in India.The Indian journal of medical research · 2016Review
- Vaccines for viral and bacterial pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis: Part II: Vaccines for Shigella, Salmonella, enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) enterohemorragic E. coli (EHEC) and Campylobacter jejuni.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Review
- Vaccines against human diarrheal pathogens: current status and perspectives.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Review
- An update on vaccines against Shigella.Therapeutic advances in vaccines · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Live, attenuated Shigella vaccine candidates, such as Shigella sonnei strain WRSS1, Shigella flexneri 2a strain SC602, and Shigella dysenteriae 1 strain WRSd1, are attenuated principally by the loss of the VirG(IcsA) protein. These candidates have proven to be safe and immunogenic in volunteer trials and in one study, efficacious against shigellosis. One drawback of these candidate vaccines has been the reactogenic symptoms of fever and diarrhea experienced by the volunteers, that increased in a dose-dependent manner. New, second-generation virG(icsA)-based S. sonnei vaccine candidates, WRSs2 and WRSs3, are expected to be less reactogenic while retaining the ability to generate protective levels of immunogenicity seen with WRSS1. Besides the loss of VirG(IcsA), WRSs2 and WRSs3 also lack plasmid-encoded enterotoxin ShET2-1 and its paralog ShET2-2. WRSs3 further lacks MsbB2 that reduces the endotoxicity of the lipid A portion of the bacterial LPS. Studies in cell cultures and in gnotobiotic piglets demonstrate that WRSs2 and WRSs3 have the potential to cause less diarrhea due to loss of ShET2-1 and ShET2-2 as well as alleviate febrile symptoms by loss of MsbB2. In guinea pigs, WRSs2 and WRSs3 were as safe, immunogenic and efficacious as WRSS1.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.