ArticleVeterinary research
Association between avian necrotic enteritis and Clostridium perfringens strains expressing NetB toxin.
Article in Veterinary research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 145 citations in OpenAlex.
- Innovative Approaches Against Planktonic and Biofilm-ProducingVeterinary sciences · 2026Review
- An engineered Escherichia coli-ClyA-NetB outer membrane vesicle delivery system modulates jejunal microbiota in broiler chickens with necrotic enteritis.Poultry science · 2026Article
- Molecular epidemiology and PFGE-based genetic diversity of Clostridium perfringens in broiler chickens from Eastern Türkiye.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Toxinotyping, Antibiotic Resistance Profile, and In Vitro Bio-Control ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- AnMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Agglutination of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens, and Salmonella enterica through competitive exclusion using potassium chloride with gum arabic.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2025Article
- Enteritis necroticans and Clostridium perfringens type C; Epidemiological and pathological findings over the past 20 years.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Review
- First genomic analysis of aFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Unveiling the pathogenic mechanisms ofEmerging microbes & infections · 2024Review
- Necrotic enteritis and antibiotic-free production of broiler chickens: Challenges in testing and using alternative products.Animal nutrition (Zhongguo xu mu shou yi xue hui) · 2024Review
- Determination of the virulence status of Clostridium perfringens strains using a chicken intestinal ligated loop model is important for understanding the pathogenesis of necrotic.Poultry science · 2024Article
- Toxinotyping ofIranian journal of veterinary research · 2024Article
- Nigella sativa as an antibiotic alternative to promote growth and enhance health of broilers challenged with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens.Poultry science · 2023Article
- From Foodborne Disease Outbreak (FBDO) to Investigation: The Plant Toxin Trap, Brittany, France, 2018.Toxins · 2023Article
- Characterization of Collagen Binding Activity ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- A calf with hind limb paralysis and dysstasia and a genome sequence analysis of an isolated Clostridium perfringens toxinotype E strain.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2023Article
- Animal Model Studies, Antibiotic Resistance and Toxin Gene Profile of NE ReproducingMicroorganisms · 2023Article
- Evaluation of Predisposing Factors of Necrotic Enteritis in Experimentally Challenged Broiler Chickens.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2022Article
- Anticoccidial Vaccination Is Associated with Improved Intestinal Health in Organic Chickens.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- Gut microbiota and age shape susceptibility to clostridial enteritis in lorikeets under human care.Animal microbiome · 2022Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A novel toxin, NetB, has recently been identified in virulent avian Clostridium perfringens isolates and shown to be an essential virulence factor in a clinical necrotic enteritis isolate. To assess whether NetB is more generally associated with avian necrotic enteritis isolates we have screened a range of C. perfringens strains from geographically diverse locations for both the presence and expression of the netB gene. Forty-four isolates were derived from necrotic enteritis disease cases from Australia, Belgium, Denmark and Canada and 55 isolates from healthy chickens from Australia and Belgium. The majority of strains isolated from necrotic enteritis-affected birds were netB positive (70%) and there was an absolute correlation between the presence of netB and in vitro expression of the NetB protein. Only two of the C. perfringens isolates from healthy chickens carried netB. Sequencing of the netB gene from 23 positive isolates showed that NetB is highly conserved, with only one predicted amino acid (A168T) difference, in six isolates, compared to the published sequence. This change did not alter the in vitro activity of the NetB toxin. The gene encoding the recently discovered TpeL toxin was also screened using PCR and only found in a small proportion of NetB-positive isolates from diseased birds. A selection of NetB-negative isolates, originating from diseased birds, was unable to cause disease in a necrotic enteritis induction model. This study provides further evidence that NetB is important in pathogenesis and advances our current understanding of C. perfringens virulence factors in avian necrotic enteritis.
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