ArticleBMC biology2009
Environmentally-acquired bacteria influence microbial diversity and natural innate immune responses at gut surfaces.
Article in BMC biology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 125 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
125 citing papers in PubMed, 293 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impacts of farming practices on pig gut microbiota and their interactions with soil microbial communities in tropical agroecosystems.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota-Mucosal Immune Interactions Underlying Intestinal Homeostasis in Weaned Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Seminal Plasma Microbiome Composition and Its Association with Sperm Morphology in Breeding Boars.Biology · 2026Article
- HoloSimR: a comprehensive framework for simulating breeding programs including the hologenome scenario.Journal of animal science · 2026Article
- Article
- The role of human-pig interactions in modulating gut microbiota, stress, and performance.Porcine health management · 2025Article
- Impact of Organic and Conventional Husbandry Systems on the Gut Microbiome and Resistome in Pigs.Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Dietary Glyceryl Polyethylene Glycol Ricinoleate as an Additive to Improve Intestinal Health in Post-Weaning Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Neonatal and maternal dietary interventions driving microbiota and functionality in piglet gut compartments.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Birth and household exposures are associated with changes to skin bacterial communities during infancy.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2025Article
- A comparison of wild boar and domestic pig microbiota does not reveal a loss of microbial species but an increase in alpha diversity and opportunistic genera in domestic pigs.Microbiology spectrum · 2024Article
- Dietary Protease Supplementation Improved Growth Performance and Nutrients Digestion via Modulating Intestine Barrier, Immunological Response, and Microbiota Composition in Weaned Piglets.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Profile of the gut microbiota of Pacific white shrimp under industrial indoor farming system.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- The potential of microbiota information to better predict efficiency traits in growing pigs fed a conventional and a high-fiber diet.Genetics, selection, evolution : GSE · 2024Article
- Unveiling microbial dynamics: a review of health and immune enhancement in school settings.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2024Review
- Fecal microbiota composition, serum metabolomics, and markers of inflammation in dogs fed a raw meat-based diet compared to those on a kibble diet.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Article
- Effects of early postnatal gastric and colonic microbiota transplantation on piglet gut health.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2023Article
- Boar Seminal Microbiota in Relation to Sperm Quality under Tropical Environments.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Evolutions in Commercial Meat Poultry Breeding.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
65 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundEarly microbial colonization of the gut reduces the incidence of infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Recent population studies reveal that childhood hygiene is a significant risk factor for development of inflammatory bowel disease, thereby reinforcing the hygiene hypothesis and the potential importance of microbial colonization during early life. The extent to which early-life environment impacts on microbial diversity of the adult gut and subsequent immune processes has not been comprehensively investigated thus far. We addressed this important question using the pig as a model to evaluate the impact of early-life environment on microbe/host gut interactions during development.
resultsGenetically-related piglets were housed in either indoor or outdoor environments or in experimental isolators. Analysis of over 3,000 16S rRNA sequences revealed major differences in mucosa-adherent microbial diversity in the ileum of adult pigs attributable to differences in early-life environment. Pigs housed in a natural outdoor environment showed a dominance of Firmicutes, in particular Lactobacillus, whereas animals housed in a hygienic indoor environment had reduced Lactobacillus and higher numbers of potentially pathogenic phylotypes. Our analysis revealed a strong negative correlation between the abundance of Firmicutes and pathogenic bacterial populations in the gut. These differences were exaggerated in animals housed in experimental isolators. Affymetrix microarray technology and Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction revealed significant gut-specific gene responses also related to early-life environment. Significantly, indoor-housed pigs displayed increased expression of Type 1 interferon genes, Major Histocompatibility Complex class I and several chemokines. Gene Ontology and pathway analysis further confirmed these results.
conclusionEarly-life environment significantly affects both microbial composition of the adult gut and mucosal innate immune function. We observed that a microbiota dominated by lactobacilli may function to maintain mucosal immune homeostasis and limit pathogen colonization.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.