ReviewPhysical therapy2010
Novel patterns of functional electrical stimulation have an immediate effect on dorsiflexor muscle function during gait for people poststroke.
Review in Physical therapy, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06459401 (Effects of an Overground Propulsion Neuroprosthesis in Community-dwelling Individuals After Stroke), which is not on this map. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of an Overground Propulsion Neuroprosthesis in Community-dwelling Individuals After Stroke
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 137 citations in OpenAlex.
- Kinematic Biomarkers of Limb Shortening and Compensations in Hemiparetic Gait: A Systematic Review.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- High-Intensity Gait Training With Functional Electrical Stimulation Enhances Corticospinal Excitability of Paretic Ankle Muscles in Individuals Post-Stroke.Neural plasticity · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Reducing The Cost of Transport and Increasing Walking Distance After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial on Fast Locomotor Training Combined With Functional Electrical Stimulation.Neurorehabilitation and neural repair · 2016Trial
- Effects of functional electrical stimulation on gait recovery post-neurological injury during inpatient rehabilitation.Perceptual and motor skills · 2014Trial
- The effectiveness of functional electrical stimulation based on a normal gait pattern on subjects with early stroke: a randomized controlled trial.BioMed research international · 2014Trial
- EMG of the tibialis anterior demonstrates a training effect after utilization of a foot drop stimulator.NeuroRehabilitation · 2014Trial
- Acceptability and potential effectiveness of a foot drop stimulator in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy.Developmental medicine and child neurology · 2012Trial
- Complex versus simple ankle movement training in stroke using telerehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial.Physical therapy · 2012Trial
- Functional electrical stimulation of ankle plantarflexor and dorsiflexor muscles: effects on poststroke gait.Stroke · 2009Trial
- The Orthotic Effect of Functional Electrical Stimulation on Reactive Stepping for People With Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury.Artificial organs · 2025Article
- Multi-Modal Sensing for Propulsion Estimation in People Post-Stroke Across Speeds.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2025Article
- We Will, We Will Shock You: Adaptive Versus Conventional Functional Electrical Stimulation in Individuals Post-Stroke.Journal of biomechanical engineering · 2024Article
- Gait signature changes with walking speed are similar among able-bodied young adults despite persistent individual-specific differences.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Adaptive Functional Electrical Stimulation Delivers Stimulation Amplitudes Based on Real-Time Gait Biomechanics.Journal of medical devices · 2024Article
- Gait signature changes with walking speed are similar among able-bodied young adults despite persistent individual-specific differences.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Comprehensive Rehabilitation of a Patient With Foot Drop Secondary to Lumbar Canal Stenosis: A Case Report.Cureus · 2024Article
- A novel biomechanical indicator for impaired ankle dorsiflexion function during walking in individuals with chronic stroke.Gait & posture · 2024Article
- Combining transcutaneous spinal stimulation and functional electrical stimulation increases force generated by lower limbs: When more is more.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundFoot drop is a common gait impairment after stroke. Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the ankle dorsiflexor muscles during the swing phase of gait can help correct foot drop. Compared with constant-frequency trains (CFTs), which typically are used during FES, novel stimulation patterns called variable-frequency trains (VFTs) have been shown to enhance isometric and nonisometric muscle performance. However, VFTs have never been used for FES during gait.
objectiveThe purpose of this study was to compare knee and ankle kinematics during the swing phase of gait when FES was delivered to the ankle dorsiflexor muscles using VFTs versus CFTs.
designA repeated-measures design was used in this study.
participantsThirteen individuals with hemiparesis following stroke (9 men, 4 women; age=46-72 years) participated in the study.
methodsParticipants completed 20- to 40-second bouts of walking at their self-selected walking speeds. Three walking conditions were compared: walking without FES, walking with dorsiflexor muscle FES using CFTs, and walking with dorsiflexor FES using VFTs.
resultsFunctional electrical stimulation using both CFTs and VFTs improved ankle dorsiflexion angles during the swing phase of gait compared with walking without FES (X+/-SE=-2.9 degrees +/- 1.2 degrees). Greater ankle dorsiflexion in the swing phase was generated during walking with FES using VFTs (X+/-SE=2.1 degrees +/- 1.5 degrees) versus CFTs (X+/-SE=0.3+/-1.3 degrees). Surprisingly, dorsiflexor FES resulted in reduced knee flexion during the swing phase and reduced ankle plantar flexion at toe-off.
conclusionsThe findings suggest that novel FES systems capable of delivering VFTs during gait can produce enhanced correction of foot drop compared with traditional FES systems that deliver CFTs. The results also suggest that the timing of delivery of FES during gait is critical and merits further investigation.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.