ArticleAutonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical2010
Neuroanatomic relationships between the GABAergic and serotonergic systems in the developing human medulla.
Article in Autonomic neuroscience : basic & clinical, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Integrative Neuroimmune Role of the Parasympathetic Nervous System, Vagus Nerve and Gut Microbiota in Stress Modulation: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Role of the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus in Pain Processing.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Cannabidiol and the corticoraphe circuit in post-traumatic stress disorder.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2021Review
- Prenatal intermittent hypoxia sensitizes the laryngeal chemoreflex, blocks serotoninergic shortening of the reflex, and reduces 5-HTExperimental neurology · 2020Article
- The Serotonin Brainstem Hypothesis for the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2019Review
- Uncovering a critical period of synaptic imbalance during postnatal development of the rat visual cortex: role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor.The Journal of physiology · 2018Article
- Embryonic hindbrain patterning genes delineate distinct cardio-respiratory and metabolic homeostatic populations in the adult.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Impaired arousal in rat pups with prenatal alcohol exposure is modulated by GABAergic mechanisms.Physiological reports · 2015Article
- Morphological changes of glutamatergic synapses in animal models of Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2015Review
- Serotonin metabolites in the cerebrospinal fluid in sudden infant death syndrome.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2014Article
- Activation of 5-HT2A receptors upregulates the function of the neuronal K-Cl cotransporter KCC2.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Article
- Brainstem deficiency of the 14-3-3 regulator of serotonin synthesis: a proteomics analysis in the sudden infant death syndrome.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2012Article
- Late development of the GABAergic system in the human cerebral cortex and white matter.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2011Article
- Decreased GABAA receptor binding in the medullary serotonergic system in the sudden infant death syndrome.Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology · 2011Article
- The serotonergic anatomy of the developing human medulla oblongata: implications for pediatric disorders of homeostasis.Journal of chemical neuroanatomy · 2011Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
gamma-Amino butyric (GABA) critically influences serotonergic (5-HT) neurons in the raphé and extra-raphé of the medulla oblongata. In this study we hypothesize that there are marked changes in the developmental profile of markers of the human medullary GABAergic system relative to the 5-HT system in early life. We used single- and double-label immunocytochemistry and tissue receptor autoradiography in 15 human medullae from fetal and infant cases ranging from 15 gestational weeks to 10 postnatal months, and compared our findings with an extensive 5-HT-related database in our laboratory. In the raphé obscurus, we identified two subsets of GABAergic neurons using glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65/67) immunostaining: one comprised of small, round neurons; the other, medium, spindle-shaped neurons. In three term medullae cases, positive immunofluorescent neurons for both tryptophan hydroxylase and GAD65/67 were counted within the raphé obscurus. This revealed that approximately 6% of the total neurons counted in this nucleus expressed both GAD65/67 and TPOH suggesting co-production of GABA by a subset of 5-HT neurons. The distribution of GABA(A) binding was ubiquitous across medullary nuclei, with highest binding in the raphé obscurus. GABA(A) receptor subtypes alpha1 and alpha3 were expressed by 5-HT neurons, indicating the site of interaction of GABA with 5-HT neurons. These receptor subtypes and KCC2, a major chloride transporter, were differentially expressed across early development, from midgestation (20 weeks) and thereafter. The developmental profile of GABAergic markers changed dramatically relative to the 5-HT markers. These data provide baseline information for medullary studies of human pediatric disorders, such as sudden infant death syndrome.
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