ReviewAudiology & neuro-otology2009
Principles of local drug delivery to the inner ear.
Review in Audiology & neuro-otology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 238 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intratympanic corticosteroids for sudden sensorineural hearing loss.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2022Pooled it
- Local Delivery of Therapeutics to the Inner Ear: The State of the Science.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2019Pooled it
- Hearing Changes After Intratympanic Steroids for Secondary (Salvage) Therapy of Sudden Hearing Loss: A Meta-Analysis Using Mathematical Simulations of Drug Delivery Protocols.Otology & neurotology : official publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [and] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology · 2018Pooled it
- A phase I/IIa safety and efficacy trial of intratympanic gamma-secretase inhibitor as a regenerative drug treatment for sensorineural hearing loss.Nature communications · 2024Trial
- Effects of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF-1) in Patients with Sensorineural Hearing Loss.The journal of international advanced otology · 2021Trial
- Efficacy of systemic and intratympanic corticosteroid combination therapy versus intratympanic or systemic therapy in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: a randomized controlled trial.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2018Trial
- Intratympanic dexamethasone perfusion versus injection for treatment of refractory sudden sensorineural hearing loss.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2013Trial
- Pathophysiologic phenotyping of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss: toward precision management.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Review
- Biodistribution and transport of intratympanically administered drugs in the inner ear using a porcine ex-vivo chamber model.Materials & design · 2026Article
- Review
- Drug Nanocrystal-Loaded Thermo-Reversible Hydrogels of Dexamethasone Palmitate for Intratympanic Drug Delivery.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Biohybrid cochlear implants: neural interfaces, regenerative pathways, and translational benchmarks.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Review
- A Pressure-Centered Mechanistic Framework for Precision Otology: The Neuro-Vascular-Mechanical-Inflammatory-Autonomic (NVMIA) Regulatory Architecture.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Intratympanic Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Diltiazem as Alternatives to Dexamethasone in Noise-Induced Hearing Loss in a Murine Model.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Surface HEI-OC1-Engineered Magnetic Nanoparticles with Antioxidant Coatings Mitigate Ototoxic Stress in HEI-OC1 Auditory Cells.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Audiological Outcomes of Salvage Intratympanic Corticosteroid Therapy in Idiopathic Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.Audiology & neuro-otology · 2026Article
- Review
- Recent preclinical and clinical advances in gene therapy for hereditary hearing loss.Molecules and cells · 2025Review
- Rationally designed sodium thiosulfate-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for inner ear delivery and prevention of medication-induced ototoxicity.Journal of materials chemistry. B · 2025Article
- Microneedle-mediated intracochlear injection safely achieves higher perilymphatic dexamethasone concentration than intratympanic delivery in guinea pig.Drug delivery and translational research · 2025Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
As more and more substances have been shown in preclinical studies to be capable of preventing damage to the inner ear from exposure to noise, ototoxic drugs, ischemia, infection, inflammation, mechanical trauma and other insults, it is becoming very important to develop feasible and safe methods for the targeted delivery of drugs to specific regions in the inner ear. Recently developed methods for sampling perilymph from the cochlea have overcome major technical problems that have distorted previous pharmacokinetic studies of the ear. These measurements show that drug distribution in perilymph is dominated by passive diffusion, resulting in large gradients along the cochlea when drugs are applied intratympanically. Therefore, in order to direct drugs to specific regions of the ear, a variety of delivery strategies are required. To target drugs to the basal cochlear turn and vestibular system while minimizing exposure of the apical cochlear turns, single one-shot intratympanic applications are effective. To increase the amount of drug reaching the apical cochlear turns, repeated intratympanic injections or controlled-release drug delivery systems, such as biodegradable biopolymers or catheters and pumps, are more effective. However, if the applied substance does not easily pass through the round window membrane, or if a more widespread distribution of drug in the ear is required, then intralabyrinthine injections of the substance may be required. Intralabyrinthine injection procedures, which are currently in development in animals, have not yet been proven safe enough for human use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.