ArticleAmerican journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology2010
The cardiovascular and endocrine responses to voluntary and forced diving in trained and untrained rats.
Article in American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Carotid body stimulation as a potential intervention in sudden death in epilepsy.Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2022Article
- The Mammalian Diving Response: Inroads to Its Neural Control.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2020Review
- A robust diving response in the laboratory mouse.Journal of comparative physiology. B, Biochemical, systemic, and environmental physiology · 2019Article
- Restoration of the nasopharyngeal response after bilateral sectioning of the anterior ethmoidal nerve in the rat.Physiological reports · 2018Article
- Is Adenosine Action Common Ground for NREM Sleep, Torpor, and Other Hypometabolic States?Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2018Review
- Cardiovascular Adaptations Induced by Resistance Training in Animal Models.International journal of medical sciences · 2018Review
- Innervation of the Nose and Nasal Region of the Rat: Implications for Initiating the Mammalian Diving Response.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2018Article
- Repetitive Diving in Trained Rats Still Increases Fos Production in Brainstem Neurons after Bilateral Sectioning of the Anterior Ethmoidal Nerve.Frontiers in physiology · 2016Article
- Current Approaches to Quantifying Tonic and Reflex Autonomic Outflows Controlling Cardiovascular Function in Humans and Experimental Animals.Current hypertension reports · 2015Review
- Training rats to voluntarily dive underwater: investigations of the mammalian diving response.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2014Article
- Parasympathetic preganglionic cardiac motoneurons labeled after voluntary diving.Frontiers in physiology · 2014Article
- Bilateral sectioning of the anterior ethmoidal nerves does not eliminate the diving response in voluntarily diving rats.Physiological reports · 2013Article
- The mammalian diving response: an enigmatic reflex to preserve life?Physiology (Bethesda, Md.) · 2013Review
- Animal models for investigating the central control of the Mammalian diving response.Frontiers in physiology · 2012Article
- Activation of brainstem neurons by underwater diving in the rat.Frontiers in physiology · 2012Article
- Methods of assessing vagus nerve activity and reflexes.Heart failure reviews · 2011Review
- The genetic component of the forced diving bradycardia response in mammals.Frontiers in physiology · 2011Article
- Cardiorespiratory and neural consequences of rats brought past their aerobic dive limit.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The mammalian diving response, consisting of apnea, bradycardia, and increased total peripheral resistance, can be modified by conscious awareness, fear, and anticipation. We wondered whether swim and dive training in rats would 1) affect the magnitude of the cardiovascular responses during voluntary and forced diving, and 2) whether this training would reduce or eliminate any stress due to diving. Results indicate Sprague-Dawley rats have a substantial diving response. Immediately upon submersion, heart rate (HR) decreased by 78%, from 453 +/- 12 to 101 +/- 8 beats per minute (bpm), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) decreased 25%, from 143 +/- 1 to 107 +/- 5 mmHg. Approximately 4.5 s after submergence, MAP had increased to a maximum 174 +/- 3 mmHg. Blood corticosterone levels indicate trained rats find diving no more stressful than being held by a human, while untrained rats find swimming and diving very stressful. Forced diving is stressful to both trained and untrained rats. The magnitude of bradycardia was similar during both voluntary and forced diving, while the increase in MAP was greater during forced diving. The diving response of laboratory rats, therefore, appears to be dissimilar from that of other animals, as most birds and mammals show intensification of diving bradycardia during forced diving compared with voluntary diving. Rats may exhibit an accentuated antagonism between the parasympathetic and sympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system, such that in the autonomic control of HR, parasympathetic activity overpowers sympathetic activity. Additionally, laboratory rats may lack the ability to modify the degree of parasympathetic outflow to the heart during an intense cardiorespiratory response (i.e., the diving response).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.