ArticleJournal of agricultural and food chemistry2009
Rosmarinic acid in Prunella vulgaris ethanol extract inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages.
Article in Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
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Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of rosmarinic acid on male reproductive health: Biological mechanisms and clinical prospects.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Wound Healing Potential of the Salvianolic Acid H and Yunnaneic Acid B-The Rosmarinic Acid Derivatives: Anti-Inflammatory Action and Hemocompatibility In Vitro.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Targeting Skin Aging Hallmarks In Vitro: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Senescence Effects of Phenolic-Rich Extracts fromAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- A Spectrochemically Driven Study: Identifying Phenolic-Rich Extracts fromPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Ameliorative Effects ofPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Metabolites Obtained from Boraginaceae Plants as Potential Cosmetic Ingredients-A Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Natural Products as Dietary Agents for the Prevention and Mitigation of Oxidative Damage and Inflammation in the Intestinal Barrier.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Comprehensive Insights into Biological Roles of Rosmarinic Acid: Implications in Diabetes, Cancer and Neurodegenerative Diseases.Nutrients · 2023Review
- Review
- Anti-Osteoarthritic Effects of Prunella Vulgaris and Gentiana Lutea In Vitro and In Vivo.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Emerging therapeutic role ofChinese herbal medicines · 2022Review
- Phytochemical Constitution, Anti-Inflammation, Anti-Androgen, and Hair Growth-Promoting Potential of Shallot (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Photoaging Effects on UVA-Irradiated Human Fibroblasts of Rosmarinic Acid Enriched Extract Prepared fromPlants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- The protective effects of rosmarinic acid on ethanol-induced gastritis in male rats: antioxidant defense enhancement.Research in pharmaceutical sciences · 2021Article
- Halodule pinifolia (Seagrass) attenuated lipopolysaccharide-, carrageenan-, and crystal-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines: mechanism and chemistry.Inflammopharmacology · 2021Article
- The Antioxidant Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Lung Damage in Experimental Allergic Asthma via Modulation of NADPH Oxidases and Antioxidant Enzymes.Inflammation · 2020Article
- Nanoantioxidant-Based Silica Particles as Flavonoid Carrier for Drug Delivery Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2020Article
- Combination Effect of Three Main Constituents FromFrontiers in pharmacology · 2020Article
- Ethyl Rosmarinate Protects High Glucose-Induced Injury in Human Endothelial Cells.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Prunella vulgaris has been used therapeutically for inflammation-related conditions for centuries, but systematic studies of its anti-inflammatory activity are lacking and no specific active components have been identified. In this study, water and ethanol extracts of four P. vulgaris accessions were applied to RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages, and the ethanol extracts significantly inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and nitric oxide (NO) production at 30 microg/mL without affecting cell viability. Extracts from different accessions of P. vulgaris were screened for anti-inflammatory activity to identify accessions with the greatest activity. The inhibition of PGE2 and NO production by selected extracts was dose-dependent, with significant effects seen at concentrations as low as 10 microg/mL. Fractionation of ethanol extracts from the active accession, Ames 27664, suggested fractions 3 and 5 as possible major contributors to the overall activity. Rosmarinic acid (RA) content in P. vulgaris was found to independently inhibit inflammatory response, but it only partially explained the extracts' activity. LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression were both attenuated by P. vulgaris ethanol extracts, whereas RA inhibited only COX-2 expression.
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