ReviewBrain research reviews2010
The neuronal correlates of intranasal trigeminal function-an ALE meta-analysis of human functional brain imaging data.
Review in Brain research reviews, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Does Olfactory Training Improve Brain Function and Cognition? A Systematic Review.Neuropsychology review · 2024Pooled it
- Neural networks involved in adolescent reward processing: An activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of functional neuroimaging studies.NeuroImage · 2015Pooled it
- Potential reporting bias in fMRI studies of the brain.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Identification of human gustatory cortex by activation likelihood estimation.Human brain mapping · 2011Pooled it
- Central encoding of the strength of intranasal chemosensory trigeminal stimuli in a human experimental pain setting.Human brain mapping · 2020Trial
- Study of Chemosensory Enhancement through Neuromodulation Training (SCENT): Design and methodology of a randomized clinical trial for COVID-related persistent smell dysfunction.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2026Article
- Structural Abnormalities of the Brain Detected by 7 Tesla MRI in Patients with Usher Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- The Exchange Breathing Method for Seizure Intervention: A Historical and Scientific Review of Epilepsy and Its Evolving Therapeutic Paradigms.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
- Odor localization in structural interhemispheric deficits.Chemical senses · 2025Article
- Olfactory-trigeminal integration in the primary olfactory cortex.Human brain mapping · 2024Article
- Trigeminal function in patients with COVID-associated olfactory loss.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2024Article
- Specific structural changes in Parkinson's disease-related olfactory dysfunction compared to others forms of olfactory dysfunction.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2024Article
- Migraine with aura: less control over pain and fragrances?The journal of headache and pain · 2023Article
- Chemosensation in anxiety: the trigeminal system matters.Chemical senses · 2023Article
- Decreased activity of piriform cortex and orbitofrontal hyperactivation in Usher Syndrome, a human disorder of ciliary dysfunction.Brain imaging and behavior · 2022Article
- Functional Connectivity of the Chemosenses: A Review.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Review
- Future Directions for Chemosensory Connectomes: Best Practices and Specific Challenges.Frontiers in systems neuroscience · 2022Article
- Acquired olfactory loss alters functional connectivity and morphology.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Unique nasal septal island in dromedary camels may play a role in pain perception: microscopic studies.Saudi journal of biological sciences · 2021Article
- Some like it, some do not: behavioral responses and central processing of olfactory-trigeminal mixture perception.Brain structure & function · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Almost every odor we encounter in daily life has the capacity to produce a trigeminal sensation. Surprisingly, few functional imaging studies exploring human neuronal correlates of intranasal trigeminal function exist, and results are to some degree inconsistent. We utilized activation likelihood estimation (ALE), a quantitative voxel-based meta-analysis tool, to analyze functional imaging data (fMRI/PET) following intranasal trigeminal stimulation with carbon dioxide (CO(2)), a stimulus known to exclusively activate the trigeminal system. Meta-analysis tools are able to identify activations common across studies, thereby enabling activation mapping with higher certainty. Activation foci of nine studies utilizing trigeminal stimulation were included in the meta-analysis. We found significant ALE scores, thus indicating consistent activation across studies, in the brainstem, ventrolateral posterior thalamic nucleus, anterior cingulate cortex, insula, precentral gyrus, as well as in primary and secondary somatosensory cortices-a network known for the processing of intranasal nociceptive stimuli. Significant ALE values were also observed in the piriform cortex, insula, and the orbitofrontal cortex, areas known to process chemosensory stimuli, and in association cortices. Additionally, the trigeminal ALE statistics were directly compared with ALE statistics originating from olfactory stimulation, demonstrating considerable overlap in activation. In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis map the human neuronal correlates of intranasal trigeminal stimulation with high statistical certainty and demonstrate that the cortical areas recruited during the processing of intranasal CO(2) stimuli include those outside traditional trigeminal areas. Moreover, through illustrations of the considerable overlap between brain areas that process trigeminal and olfactory information; these results demonstrate the interconnectivity of flavor processing.
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Registered trials
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