ReviewInfectious disease clinics of North America2009
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibacterial agents.
Review in Infectious disease clinics of North America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 243 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
243 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 556 citations in OpenAlex.
- Penetration of Antibiotics into Subcutaneous and Intramuscular Interstitial Fluid: A Meta-Analysis of Microdialysis Studies in Adults.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Pooled it
- Antibiotics in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients: A Review of Population Pharmacokinetic Analyses.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2021Pooled it
- Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam dosing regimen justification using exposure-efficacy analyses in participants with hospital-acquired bacterial pneumonia or ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia in the RESTORE-IMI 2 phase 3 study.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Trial
- Impact of intra-partum azithromycin on carriage of group A streptococcus in the Gambia: a posthoc analysis of a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Trial
- Dual anti-pseudomonal and resistance-modulatory actions ofPharmaceutical biology · 2026Article
- The Pharmacology of Bacterial Persistence: From Antibiotic Tolerance to Antimicrobial Resistance.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Tannic Acid and Copper-Modified ZIF-8 Metal Organic Framework as a Cefotaxime Delivery System for Antimicrobial ActivityTurkish journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2026Article
- Article
- Cholesterol sulfate signaling facilitates persistent colonization of mucoid-coccoid H. pylori in gastric environment.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Off-Label Postoperative Inhaled Steroid Use in Tracheal and Cricotracheal Resection.Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Penicillin Concentrations in Oropharyngeal and Frontal Sinus Tissue Following Intravenous Bolus and Continuous Infusion - An Experimental Porcine Study.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- A population pharmacokinetic study of ampicillin therapy in hospitalized foals.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Association of pre-culture antimicrobial therapy with culture positivity in patients with vertebral osteomyelitis: a 16-year cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Case Report: Endobronchial antibiotic instillation for refractory lung abscess due toFrontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026).Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial mechanism ofFrontiers in dental medicine · 2026Article
- In vitro and in vivo antibacterial activities and phytochemical screening of 80% methanol extract from Ehretia cymosa leaves.PloS one · 2026Article
- Engineered vesicles enhance oral antibiotic absorption in proximal small intestine and mitigate gut dysbiosis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic efficacy prediction indices, and Monte Carlo simulations of enrofloxacin for the treatment of colibacillosis in broiler chickens.Open veterinary journal · 2025Article
- Synergistic Antibacterial Effect of Eugenol and Biogenic Silver Nanoparticles onMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article reviews pharmacodynamics of antibacterial drugs, which can be used to optimize treatment strategies, prevent emergence of resistance and rationalize the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility. Important pharmacodynamic concepts include the requirements for bactericidal therapy for endocarditis and meningitis, for synergistic combinations to treat enterococcal endocarditis or to shorten the course of antimicrobial therapy, for obtaining maximal plasma concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratios that are greater than 10 or 24 hour-area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC)/MIC ratios that are greater than 100-125 for concentration-dependent agents against gram-negative bacilli and 25-35 against Streptococcus pneumoniae, and for obtaining percent of time that drug levels are greater than the MIC that is at least 40% to 50% of the dosing interval for time-dependent agents.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.