ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2009
Multiphasic and tissue-specific roles of sonic hedgehog in cloacal septation and external genitalia development.
Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed, 107 citations in OpenAlex.
- Spatiotemporal remodelling of the cloacal region determines the position of the anal opening in mouse embryos.Journal of anatomy · 2026Article
- The cloacal outgrowth orchestrates co-development of the bladder and umbilical arteries.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2026Article
- Hedgehog pathway disruption alters urothelial differentiation and continence mechanisms in the female mouse lower urinary tract.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2026Article
- Prenatal Low Testosterone Levels Induced byBiomedicines · 2025Article
- Convergent flow-mediated mesenchymal force drives embryonic foregut constriction and splitting.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Convergent flow-mediated mesenchymal force drives embryonic foregut constriction and splitting.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into urothelial organoids via transient activation of WNT signaling.iScience · 2025Article
- Article
- MAFB-mediated CEBPA regulated human urothelium growth through Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.Genes & diseases · 2025Article
- Tgfbr1 controls developmental plasticity between the hindlimb and external genitalia by remodeling their regulatory landscape.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Streamlined identification of clinically and functionally relevant genetic regulators of lower-tract urogenital development.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- An extra-genital cell population contributes to urethra closure during mouse penis development.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Clinically diverse and perinatally lethal syndromes with urorectal septum malformation sequence.American journal of medical genetics. Part A · 2023Review
- An experimental evaluation of the efficacy of perinatal sulforaphane supplementation to decrease the incidence and severity of vinclozolin-induced hypospadias in the mouse model.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal map of key signaling factors during early penis development.Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists · 2022Review
- Article
- Cholesterol Contributes to Male Sex Differentiation Through Its Developmental Role in Androgen Synthesis and Hedgehog Signaling.Endocrinology · 2021Review
- Pathogenesis of Anorectal Malformations in Retinoic Acid Receptor Knockout Mice Studied by HREM.Biomedicines · 2021Article
- Examining the developmental toxicity of piperonyl butoxide as a Sonic hedgehog pathway inhibitor.Chemosphere · 2021Review
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Malformations of the external genitalia are among the most common congenital anomalies in humans. The urogenital and anorectal sinuses develop from the embryonic cloaca, and the penis and clitoris develop from the genital tubercle. Within the genital tubercle, the endodermally derived urethral epithelium functions as an organizer and expresses sonic hedgehog (Shh). Shh knockout mice lack external genitalia and have a persistent cloaca. This identified an early requirement for Shh, but precluded analysis of its later role in the genital tubercle. We conducted temporally controlled deletions of Shh and report that Shh is required continuously through the onset of sexual differentiation. Shh function is divisible into two temporal phases; an anogenital phase, during which Shh regulates outgrowth and patterning of the genital tubercle and septation of the cloaca, and a later external genital phase, during which Shh regulates urethral tube closure. Disruption of Shh function during the anogenital phase causes coordinated anorectal and genitourinary malformations, whereas inactivation during the external genital phase causes hypospadias. Shh directs cloacal septation by promoting cell proliferation in adjacent urorectal septum mesenchyme. Additionally, conditional inactivation of smoothened in the genital ectoderm and cloacal/urethral endoderm shows that the ectoderm is a direct target of Shh and is required for urethral tube closure, highlighting a novel role for genital ectoderm in urethragenesis. Identification of the stages during which disruption of Shh results in either isolated or coordinated malformations of anorectal and external genital organs provides a new tool for investigating the etiology of anogenital malformations in humans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.