ArticlePsychiatry research2009
Effect of candidate gene polymorphisms on the course of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Article in Psychiatry research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of persistence of ADHD into adulthood: a systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- Opioid-Induced Hyperalgesia and Inflammaging in the Management of Spine Pain: The Case for Genetically Directed Dopamine Homeostasis.International journal of spine surgery · 2025Article
- Fluctuating course of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across development: Multifactorial influences.World journal of psychiatry · 2025Review
- A Review of Heterogeneity in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2019Review
- DAT1 and DRD4 genes involved in key dimensions of adult ADHD.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2015Article
- Advances in Medications and Tailoring Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder.Alcohol research : current reviews · 2015Review
- Genetic Addiction Risk Score (GARS): molecular neurogenetic evidence for predisposition to Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS).Molecular neurobiology · 2014Article
- Interactive association of dopamine receptor (DRD4) genotype and ADHD on alcohol expectancies in children.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2014Article
- Candidate glutamatergic and dopaminergic pathway gene variants do not influence Huntington's disease motor onset.Neurogenetics · 2013Article
- Dopamine Genetics and Function in Food and Substance Abuse.Journal of genetic syndromes & gene therapy · 2013Article
- The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review.Molecular psychiatry · 2012Review
- Marital Satisfaction amongst Parents of Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Normal Children.Iranian journal of psychiatry · 2012Article
- Psychopathological aspects of dopaminergic gene polymorphisms in adolescence and young adulthood.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2011Review
- Predictors of persistent ADHD: an 11-year follow-up study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2011Article
- Achieving remission as a routine goal of pharmacotherapy in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder.CNS drugs · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The main aim of this study was to examine the association between attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-associated genes and the course of ADHD. Subjects were derived from identically designed case-control family studies of boys and girls with ADHD and a genetic linkage study of families with children with ADHD. Caucasian probands and family members with ADHD and with available genetic data were included in this analysis (N=563). The course of ADHD was compared in subjects with and without putative risk alleles (DRD4 7-repeat allele, DAT1 10-repeat allele, and 5HTTLPR long allele). The persistence of ADHD (full or subthreshold diagnosis in the last month) was plotted using Kaplan-Meier survival functions and tested with Cox proportional hazard models. Survival analyses revealed that by 25 years of age 76% of subjects with a DRD4 7-repeat allele were estimated to have significantly more persistent ADHD compared with 66% of subjects without the risk allele. In contrast, there were no significant associations between the course of ADHD and the DAT1 10-repeat allele (P=0.94) and 5HTTLPR long allele. Our findings suggest that the DRD4 7-repeat allele is associated with a more persistent course of ADHD.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.