Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19906238›Full record

ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2009

Glucocorticoid signaling in the cell. Expanding clinical implications to complex human behavioral and somatic disorders.

George P Chrousos, Tomoshige Kino

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 84 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
84citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.7field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

84 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 182 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Reduced Gene Dosage of the Psychiatric Risk GeneInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  9. Review
  10. Triple-template surface imprinted magnetic polymers for wide-coverage extraction of steroid hormones from human serum.Analytical sciences : the international journal of the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
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  18. Active unfolding of the glucocorticoid receptor by the Hsp70/Hsp40 chaperone system in single-molecule mechanical experiments.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

24 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

George P ChrousosFirst Department of Pediatrics, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece. chrousge@med.uoa.gr
Tomoshige Kino
Athens Medical Center · GRNational Institutes of Health · US

Funding

Molecular Mediators and Regulators of Glucocorticoid ActionsZIAHD008732 · NICHD · EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT · PI KINO, TOMOSHIGE · 2009 to 2014
$5.1M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA HD008732
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Glucocorticoids contribute to the maintenance of basal and stress-related homeostasis in all higher organisms, and influence a large proportion of the expressed human genome, and their effects spare almost no organs or tissues. Glucocorticoids regulate many functions of the central nervous system, such as arousal, cognition, mood, sleep, the activity and direction of intermediary metabolism, the maintenance of a proper cardiovascular tone, the activity and quality of the immune and inflammatory reaction, including the manifestations of the sickness syndrome, and growth and reproduction. The numerous actions of glucocorticoids are mediated by a set of at least 16 glucocorticoid receptor (GR) isoforms forming homo- or hetero-dimers. The GRs consist of multifunctional domain proteins operating as ligand-dependent transcription factors that interact with many other cell signaling systems, including large and small G proteins. The presence of multiple GR monomers and homo- or hetero-dimers expressed in a cell-specific fashion at different quantities with quantitatively and qualitatively different transcriptional activities suggest that the glucocorticoid signaling system is highly stochastic. Glucocorticoids are heavily involved in human pathophysiology and influence life expectancy. Common behavioral and/or somatic complex disorders, such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, chronic pain and fatigue syndromes, obesity, the metabolic syndrome, essential hypertension, diabetes type 2, atherosclerosis with its cardiovascular sequelae, and osteoporosis, as well as autoimmune inflammatory and allergic disorders, all appear to have a glucocorticoid-regulated component.

Indexed as

CellsCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5Feedback, PhysiologicalGene Expression RegulationGlucocorticoidsHumansMental DisordersMetabolic SyndromeModels, BiologicalPhosphorylationReceptors, GlucocorticoidSignal TransductionStress, PsychologicalCDK5 protein, humanCyclin-Dependent Kinase 5GlucocorticoidsReceptors, Glucocorticoid

Identifiers

PMID19906238
PMCPMC2791367
OpenAlexW1972101843

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.