Trial reportClinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research2009
Phase I trial of a combination of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib and the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib in advanced malignancies.
Trial report in Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inefficiencies and Patient Burdens in the Development of the Targeted Cancer Drug Sorafenib: A Systematic Review.PLoS biology · 2017Pooled it
- Management of adrenocortical carcinoma: a consensus statement of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE).Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2016Guideline
- Randomized phase II trial of sorafenib with temsirolimus or tipifarnib in untreated metastatic melanoma (S0438).Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2012Trial
- Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Drugs for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Using Computational Analysis and Molecular Docking.Current medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Melanoma: Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy.MedComm · 2026Review
- The Revolution of Targeted Therapies in Thyroid Cancer Treatment: Present and Future Promising Anti-Cancer Drugs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Next-Generation Sequencing in Sporadic Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients: Mutation Profile and Disease Aggressiveness.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- The Evolving Treatment Landscape of Medullary Thyroid Cancer.Current treatment options in oncology · 2023Review
- Targeted radionuclide therapy in endocrine-related cancers: advances in the last decade.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Review
- Association analysis between the interaction of RAS family genes mutations and papillary thyroid carcinoma in the Han Chinese population.International journal of medical sciences · 2021Observational
- Calcitonin as a biomarker of C cell disease: recent achievements and current challenges.Endocrine · 2020Review
- The efficacy of HRAS and CDK4/6 inhibitors in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2019Article
- Medullary Thyroid Cancer: Clinical Characteristics and New Insights into Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Tyrosine Kinases.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2017Review
- Recent Updates on the Management of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2016Review
- Thyroglobulin fluctuations in patients with iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma on lenvatinib treatment - initial experience.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- Prognostic Value of Serum Tumor Markers in Medullary Thyroid Cancer Patients Undergoing Vandetanib Treatment.Medicine · 2015Observational
- New Treatment Options for Metastatic Thyroid Cancer.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2015Article
- Targeting drivers of melanoma with synthetic small molecules and phytochemicals.Cancer letters · 2015Review
- Towards combinatorial targeted therapy in melanoma: from pre-clinical evidence to clinical application (review).International journal of oncology · 2014Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeWe evaluated the safety, maximum tolerated dose, pharmacokinetics, and biological effects of the combination of the Raf-1, RET, KIT, platelet-derived growth factor receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 kinase inhibitor sorafenib and the farnesyltransferase inhibitor tipifarnib. EXPERIMENTAL
designA standard 3 + 3 phase I dose-escalation design was used with a 28-day cycle (sorafenib daily and tipifarnib for 21 days, by mouth).
resultsFifty patients were treated; 43 reached restaging evaluation after cycle 2. The most common side effects were grade 1 to 2 rash, hyperglycemia, and diarrhea. Dose-limiting toxicity was rash, and the recommended phase II dose is sorafenib 400 mg p.o. qam/200 mg p.o. qpm and tipifarnib p.o. 100 mg bd. Despite the low doses of tipifarnib, one quarter of patients had > or =50% reduction in farnesyltransferase levels. Interestingly, six of eight patients with medullary thyroid cancer had durable stable disease (n = 3) or partial remissions (n = 3), lasting 12 to 26+ months. Five of the six responders had available tissue, and RET gene mutations were identified in them. Prolonged (> or =6 months) stable disease was also seen in nine patients as follows: papillary thyroid cancer (n = 4; 18+ to 27+ months), adrenocortical cancer (n = 2; 7 and 11 months), and one each of melanoma (platelet-derived growth factor receptor mutation positive; 14 months), renal (6 months), and pancreatic cancer (6 months).
conclusionsOur study shows that the combination of tipifarnib and sorafenib is well tolerated. Activity was seen, especially in patients with medullary thyroid cancer, a tumor characterized by RET mutations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.