Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19887581›Full record

Trial reportCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2009

Prediagnostic total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and risk of cancer.

Jiyoung Ahn, Unhee Lim, Stephanie J Weinstein, Arthur Schatzkin, Richard B Hayes, Jarmo Virtamo, Demetrius Albanes

Open access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
95citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

95 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 214 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. The Role of Circulating Protein and Metabolite Biomarkers in the Development of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2022
    Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
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  9. Trial
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
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  14. Review
  15. Article
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  18. Discrepant effect of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol on esophageal and gastric cancer risk in a nationwide cohort.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2024
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Observational

35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Jiyoung AhnDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
Unhee Lim
Stephanie J Weinstein
Arthur Schatzkin
Richard B Hayes
Jarmo Virtamo
Demetrius Albanes
National Cancer Institute · USDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and GeneticsFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FI

Funding

Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) StudyZIACP010195 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI ALBANES, DEMETRIUS · 2009 to 2025
$22.5M
U S-FINLAND STUDIES OF NUTRITION AND CANCERN01CN045165 · CN · NATIONAL PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE · PI HEINONEN, OLLI P · 1985 to 1996
–
CCR NIH HHS N01 RC037004CCR NIH HHS N01-RC-45035Intramural NIH HHS ZIA CP010195NCI NIH HHS N01 CN045165
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCirculating total cholesterol has been inversely associated with cancer risk; however, the role of reverse causation and the associations for high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol have not been fully characterized. We examined the relationship between serum total and HDL cholesterol and risk of overall and site-specific cancers among 29,093 men in the Alpha-Tocopherol, Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention (ATBC) Study cohort.

methodsFasting serum total and HDL cholesterol were assayed at baseline, and 7,545 incident cancers were identified during up to 18 years of follow-up. Multivariable proportional hazards models were conducted to estimate relative risks (RR).

resultsHigher serum total cholesterol concentration was associated with decreased risk of cancer overall (RR for comparing high versus low quintile, 0.85; 95% confidence interval, 0.79-0.91; P trend <0.001; >276.7 versus <203.9 mg/dL), and the inverse association was particularly evident for cancers of the lung and liver. These associations were no longer significant, however, when cases diagnosed during the first 9 years of follow-up were excluded. Greater HDL cholesterol was also associated with decreased risk of cancer (RR for high versus low quintile, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.97; P trend = 0.01; >55.3 versus <36.2 mg/dL). The inverse association of HDL cholesterol was evident for cancers of lung, prostate, liver, and the hematopoietic system, and the associations of HDL cholesterol with liver and lung cancers remained after excluding cases diagnosed within 12 years of study entry.

conclusionOur findings suggest that prior observations regarding serum total cholesterol and cancer are largely explained by reverse causation. Although chance and reverse causation may explain some of the inverse HDL associations, we cannot rule out some etiologic role for this lipid fraction.

Indexed as

CholesterolCholesterol, HDLCohort StudiesDietary SupplementsDouble-Blind MethodFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeoplasmsPrognosisProspective StudiesRisk FactorsCholesterolCholesterol, HDL

Identifiers

PMID19887581
PMCPMC3534759
OpenAlexW2149847053

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.