ArticleMolecular cancer therapeutics2009
Synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists inhibit tumor growth and metastasis of breast cancer.
Article in Molecular cancer therapeutics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 112 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
112 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 221 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cannabidiol as a novel therapeutic agent in breast cancer: evidence from literature.BMC cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis Suggests thatCannabis and cannabinoid research · 2021Pooled it
- Cannabinoids and Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review of Animal Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Pooled it
- Cannabinoids in Cancer: Molecular Mechanisms of Tumor Cell Death and Translational Opportunities.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Selective CBPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond chemotherapy: the evolving role of photodynamic therapy in triple-negative breast cancer.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2026Review
- Modulation of the endocannabinoid system reduces inflammatory signalling in canine mammary carcinoma cells.Veterinary record open · 2026Article
- Antitumor Activity of Cannabinoids and Their Interaction with Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Preclinical Evidence.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Exploring the Endocannabinoid System's Influence on Mammary Tissue and Breast Milk Inflammation in Maternal Chronic Obesity.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Molecular Mechanisms of the Endocannabinoid System with a Focus on Reproductive Physiology and the Cannabinoid Impact on Fertility.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Revealing the therapeutic potential of synthetic cannabinoids: a systematic review of cannabinoid receptor binding dynamics and their implications for cancer therapy.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Review
- Cannabinoid Receptor Type 2 Agonist, GW405833, Reduced the Impacts of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells on Bone Cells.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of EMB-FUBINACA on brain endothelial cell angiogenesis: Expression analysis of angiogenic markers.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Article
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- RNAi Screen Identifies AXL Inhibition Combined with Cannabinoid WIN55212-2 as a Potential Strategy for Cancer Treatment.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
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- β-Caryophyllene Inhibits Oxaliplatin-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Mice: Role of Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptors, Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Could cannabinoids provide a new hope for ovarian cancer patients?Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2023Review
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52 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cannabinoids have been reported to possess antitumorogenic activity. Not much is known, however, about the effects and mechanism of action of synthetic nonpsychotic cannabinoids on breast cancer growth and metastasis. We have shown that the cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 are overexpressed in primary human breast tumors compared with normal breast tissue. We have also observed that the breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB231, MDA-MB231-luc, and MDA-MB468 express CB1 and CB2 receptors. Furthermore, we have shown that the CB2 synthetic agonist JWH-133 and the CB1 and CB2 agonist WIN-55,212-2 inhibit cell proliferation and migration under in vitro conditions. These results were confirmed in vivo in various mouse model systems. Mice treated with JWH-133 or WIN-55,212-2 showed a 40% to 50% reduction in tumor growth and a 65% to 80% reduction in lung metastasis. These effects were reversed by CB1 and CB2 antagonists AM 251 and SR144528, respectively, suggesting involvement of CB1 and CB2 receptors. In addition, the CB2 agonist JWH-133 was shown to delay and reduce mammary gland tumors in the polyoma middle T oncoprotein (PyMT) transgenic mouse model system. Upon further elucidation, we observed that JWH-133 and WIN-55,212-2 mediate the breast tumor-suppressive effects via a coordinated regulation of cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin E2 signaling pathways and induction of apoptosis. These results indicate that CB1 and CB2 receptors could be used to develop novel therapeutic strategies against breast cancer growth and metastasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.