ArticleInternational immunopharmacology2010
Sulfur mustard induces immune sensitization in hairless guinea pigs.
Article in International immunopharmacology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Skin Models Used to Define Mechanisms of Action of Sulfur Mustard.Disaster medicine and public health preparedness · 2023Review
- Mustard vesicant-induced lung injury: Advances in therapy.Toxicology and applied pharmacology · 2016Review
- Emerging targets for treating sulfur mustard-induced injuries.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2016Review
- The injury progression of T lymphocytes in a mouse model with subcutaneous injection of a high dose of sulfur mustard.Military Medical Research · 2014Article
- Inhalation of sulfur mustard causes long-term T cell-dependent inflammation: possible role of Th17 cells in chronic lung pathology.International immunopharmacology · 2012Article
- Structural changes in the skin of hairless mice following exposure to sulfur mustard correlate with inflammation and DNA damage.Experimental and molecular pathology · 2011Article
- Sulfur mustard-induced pulmonary injury: therapeutic approaches to mitigating toxicity.Pulmonary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2011Review
- Time course of lesion development in the hairless guinea-pig model of sulfur mustard-induced dermal injury.Wound repair and regeneration : official publication of the Wound Healing Society [and] the European Tissue Repair SocietyArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM, bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide) is a well known chemical warfare agent that may cause long-term debilitating injury. Because of the ease of production and storage, it has a strong potential for chemical terrorism; however, the mechanism by which SM causes chronic tissue damage is essentially unknown. SM is a potent protein alkylating agent, and we tested the possibility that SM modifies cellular antigens, leading to an immunological response to "altered self" and a potential long-term injury. To that end, in this communication, we show that dermal exposure of euthymic hairless guinea pigs induced infiltration of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells into the SM-exposed skin and strong upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines (TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and IL-8) in distal tissues such as the lung and the lymph nodes. Moreover, we present evidence for the first time that SM induces a specific delayed-type hypersensitivity response that is associated with splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, and proliferation of cells in these tissues. These results clearly suggest that dermal exposure to SM leads to immune activation, infiltration of T cells into the SM-exposed skin, delayed-type hypersensitivity response, and molecular imprints of inflammation in tissues distal from the site of SM exposure. These immunological responses may contribute to the long-term sequelae of SM toxicity.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.