ArticleInfection and immunity2010
Virulence, inflammatory potential, and adaptive immunity induced by Shigella flexneri msbB mutants.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed.
- Local administration of polymyxin B-conjugated Akkermansia muciniphila outer membrane vesicles attenuate asthma by suppressing M2 macrophage polarization.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Outer membrane vesicles as a versatile nanoplatform for advanced vaccine development and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
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- A critical role forProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- BECC-engineered live-attenuated Shigella vaccine candidates display reduced endotoxicity with robust immunogenicity in mice.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Safety, Tolerability, and Immunogenicity of the InvaplexVaccines · 2025Article
- BECC-engineered live-attenuatedResearch square · 2024Article
- Bacterial outer-membrane vesicles promote Vγ9Vδ2 T cell oncolytic activity.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- GeneratingFrontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- Review
- Increased systemic RNA oxidative damage and diagnostic value of RNA oxidative metabolites duringWorld journal of gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Vaccines for Protecting Infants from Bacterial Causes of Diarrheal Disease.Microorganisms · 2021Review
- Engineered Remolding and Application of Bacterial Membrane Vesicles.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- YraP Contributes to Cell Envelope Integrity and Virulence of Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium.Infection and immunity · 2018Article
- Lipid A structural modifications in extreme conditions and identification of unique modifying enzymes to define the Toll-like receptor 4 structure-activity relationship.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular and cell biology of lipids · 2017Review
- The Galleria mellonella larvae as an in vivo model for evaluation of Shigella virulence.Gut microbes · 2017Article
- Article
- Structure-guided enzymology of the lipid A acyltransferase LpxM reveals a dual activity mechanism.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2016Article
- Transcriptional analysis of the MrpJ network: modulation of diverse virulence-associated genes and direct regulation of mrp fimbrial and flhDC flagellar operons in Proteus mirabilis.Infection and immunity · 2015Article
- Modulation of endotoxicity of Shigella generalized modules for membrane antigens (GMMA) by genetic lipid A modifications: relative activation of TLR4 and TLR2 pathways in different mutants.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ability of genetically detoxified lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to stimulate adaptive immune responses is an ongoing area of investigation with significant consequences for the development of safe and effective bacterial vaccines and adjuvants. One approach to genetic detoxification is the deletion of genes whose products modify LPS. The msbB1 and msbB2 genes, which encode late acyltransferases, were deleted in the Shigella flexneri 2a human challenge strain 2457T to evaluate the virulence, inflammatory potential, and acquired immunity induced by strains producing underacylated lipid A. Consistent with a reduced endotoxic potential, S. flexneri 2a msbB mutants were attenuated in an acute mouse pulmonary challenge model. Attenuation correlated with decreases in the production of proinflammatory cytokines and in chemokine release without significant changes in lung histopathology. The levels of specific proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta], macrophage inflammatory protein 1alpha [MIP-1alpha], and tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNF-alpha]) were also significantly reduced after infection of mouse macrophages with either single or double msbB mutants. Surprisingly, the msbB double mutant displayed defects in the ability to invade, replicate, and spread within epithelial cells. Complementation restored these phenotypes, but the exact nature of the defects was not determined. Acquired immunity and protective efficacy were also assayed in the mouse lung model, using a vaccination-challenge study. Both humoral and cellular responses were generally robust in msbB-immunized mice and afforded significant protection from lethal challenge. These data suggest that the loss of either msbB gene reduces the endotoxicity of Shigella LPS but does not coincide with a reduction in protective immune responses.
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