ArticleBlood2010
Alternative activation of macrophages by IL-4 impairs phagocytosis of pathogens but potentiates microbial-induced signalling and cytokine secretion.
Article in Blood, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 96 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 187 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential Risks Related to Modulating Interleukin-13 and Interleukin-4 Signalling: A Systematic Review.Drug safety · 2018Pooled it
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- An in vitro human vessel model to studyeLife · 2025Article
- Recombinant cytokine bioconjugates with degradable nanogel substrates for macrophage immunotherapy.Acta biomaterialia · 2025Article
- Macrophages and Pulmonary Fibrosis.Current molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Reactive Oxygen Species in Asthma: Regulators of Macrophage Polarization and Therapeutic Implications: A Narrative Review.Journal of asthma and allergy · 2025Review
- Immunometabolic programming of macrophages in asthma pathogenesis and therapy.Frontiers in physiology · 2025Review
- Radical-Generating Activity, Phagocytosis, and Mechanical Properties of Four Phenotypes of Human Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- A narrative review on the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis and treatment of familial Mediterranean fever: an emphasis on pediatric cases.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
- Interleukin 4 improved adipose-derived stem cells engraftment via interacting with fibro/adipogenic progenitors in dystrophic mice.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Advantages and disadvantages of treatment of experimental ARDS by M2-polarized RAW 264.7 macrophages.Heliyon · 2023Article
- Resolving sepsis-induced immunoparalysis via trained immunity by targeting interleukin-4 to myeloid cells.Nature biomedical engineering · 2023Article
- Epigenomic regulation of macrophage polarization: Where do the nuclear receptors belong?Immunological reviews · 2023Review
- Effects of Interleukin-4 (IL-4)-releasing microparticles and adoptive transfer of macrophages on immunomodulation and angiogenesis.Biomaterials · 2023Article
- Article
- They shall not grow mold: Soldiers of innate and adaptive immunity to fungi.Seminars in immunology · 2023Review
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- Efferocytosis requires periphagosomal CaNature communications · 2022Article
- House Dust Mite Aeroallergen Suppresses Leukocyte Phagocytosis and Netosis Initiated by Pneumococcal Lung Infection.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Alternatively activated macrophages play an important role in host defense in the context of a T helper type 2 (Th2) microenvironment such as parasitic infection. However, the role of these macrophages during secondary challenge with Th1 pathogens is poorly defined. In this study, thioglycollate-elicited mouse peritoneal macrophages were treated with interleukin-4 (IL-4) or IL-13 in vitro and challenged with Neisseria meningitidis. After 8 to 12 hours of IL-4 pretreatment, the nonopsonic phagocytic uptake of N meningitidis was markedly reduced, depending on the common IL-4Ralpha chain, but independent of Scavenger receptor A and macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), 2 known receptors for N meningitidis. Inhibition of phagocytosis extended to several other microbial particles, zymosan, and other bacteria. Concomitantly, IL-4 potentiated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, after additional bacterial stimulation, which depended on the MyD88 signaling pathway. Similar results were obtained after intraperitoneal stimulation of IL-4 and N meningitidis in vivo. Further in vitro studies showed a striking correlation with inhibition of Akt phosphorylation and stimulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway; inhibition of phagocytosis was associated with inhibition of phagosome formation. These findings are relevant to host defense in mixed infections within a Th2 microenvironment and shed light on immunologic functions associated with alternative priming and full activation of macrophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.