ReviewThe AAPS journal2009
Prediction of solubility and permeability class membership: provisional BCS classification of the world's top oral drugs.
Review in The AAPS journal, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed.
- Breaking the Solubility-Permeability Tradeoff: Surfactant-Mediated Enhancement of Oral Etoposide Absorption.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Engineering a nifurtimox nanosuspension: toward improved pharmaceutical attributes.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Article
- Formulation Strategies to Enhance the Solubility of Poorly Water-Soluble Drugs and Phytochemicals: Current Advances and Challenges.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Raman Imaging-based Analysis of Drug Powder Dissolution on Calu-3 Cell Monolayers as a Mechanistic Predictor of Nasal Absorption.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Application of New Approach Methodologies to Improve Oral Biopharmaceutic Assessments.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Development of Amorphous Solid Dispersion to Improve the Dissolution and Antiproliferative Activity of Brazilin.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Optimizing Transdermal Drug Delivery with Novasome Nanocarriers: A Quality by Design (QbD) Framework.Current drug delivery · 2026Review
- Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy Through Tailored Pharmacokinetics: A Review of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Delivery Systems.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Targeted nanoliposomal nutrient delivery for human health.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Pharmacomicrobiomics.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Review
- Advancing Personalized Medicine Through FDM 3D Printing: Ketoprofen Tablets with Customizable Drug Release Profiles and In Silico Simulation.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- A novel pregabalin functionalized salicylaldehyde derivative loaded mesoporous silica nano scaffold: a prospective carrier for targeting inflammatory cytokine storm.BMC biotechnology · 2025Article
- Advances in Liposomal Drug Delivery: Multidirectional Perspectives on Overcoming Biological Barriers.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Enhanced Drug Loading Capacity Using the Dual Metformine-Dexketoprofren Salt on Nanoapatite Materials.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Alleviation of Neurological Disorders by Targeting Neurodegenerative-Associated Enzymes: Natural and Synthetic Molecules.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Nanoparticle-Based Dry Powder Inhaler Containing Ciprofloxacin for Enhanced Targeted Antibacterial Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- FormulationBCS: A Machine Learning Platform Based on Diverse Molecular Representations for Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) Class Prediction.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Article
- Prospects for the convergence of polyphenols with pharmaceutical drugs in type 2 diabetes: Challenges, risks, and strategies.Pharmacological reviews · 2025Review
- Strategies to Enhance Nanocrystal Formulations for Overcoming Physiological Barriers Across Diverse Routes of Administration.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) categorizes drugs into one of four biopharmaceutical classes according to their water solubility and membrane permeability characteristics and broadly allows the prediction of the rate-limiting step in the intestinal absorption process following oral administration. Since its introduction in 1995, the BCS has generated remarkable impact on the global pharmaceutical sciences arena, in drug discovery, development, and regulation, and extensive validation/discussion/extension of the BCS is continuously published in the literature. The BCS has been effectively implanted by drug regulatory agencies around the world in setting bioavailability/bioequivalence standards for immediate-release (IR) oral drug product approval. In this review, we describe the BCS scientific framework and impact on regulatory practice of oral drug products and review the provisional BCS classification of the top drugs on the global market. The Biopharmaceutical Drug Disposition Classification System and its association with the BCS are discussed as well. One notable finding of the provisional BCS classification is that the clinical performance of the majority of approved IR oral drug products essential for human health can be assured with an in vitro dissolution test, rather than empirical in vivo human studies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.