ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2009
Complement activation by CpG in a human whole blood loop system: mechanisms and immunomodulatory effects.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extracellular mitochondrial DNA activates complement and is associated with complement activation in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Advantages of using complement components in preventive and therapeutic vaccine strategies for infectious and non-infectious diseases.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2025Review
- An innate immune response to adeno-associated virus genomes decreases cortical dendritic complexity and disrupts synaptic transmission.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Storage of Transfusion Platelet Concentrates Is Associated with Complement Activation and Reduced Ability of Platelets to Respond to Protease-Activated Receptor-1 and Thromboxane A2 Receptor.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Platelet Activation by Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs) in the Göttingen Minipig, including an Evaluation of Glycoprotein VI (GPVI) and Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) Ontogeny.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Bacteria in cancer therapy: A new generation of weapons.Cancer medicine · 2022Review
- Strategies to improve safety profile of AAV vectors.Frontiers in molecular medicine · 2022Review
- Considerations of the Japanese Research Working Group for the ICH S6 & Related Issues Regarding Nonclinical Safety Assessments of Oligonucleotide Therapeutics: Comparison with Those of Biopharmaceuticals.Nucleic acid therapeutics · 2021Article
- Anti-Bacterial Effect of CpG-DNA Involves Enhancement of the Complement Systems.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Assessing single-stranded oligonucleotide drug-induced effects in vitro reveals key risk factors for thrombocytopenia.PloS one · 2017Article
- More than complementing Tolls: complement-Toll-like receptor synergy and crosstalk in innate immunity and inflammation.Immunological reviews · 2016Review
- Self-regulation and cross-regulation of pattern-recognition receptor signalling in health and disease.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2016Review
- Antibody induced CD4 down-modulation of T cells is site-specifically mediated by CD64(+) cells.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Combined protein- and nucleic acid-level effects of rs1143679 (R77H), a lupus-predisposing variant within ITGAM.Human molecular genetics · 2014Article
- Down-regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 expression by unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides in RAW 264.7 macrophages.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2011Article
- Crosstalk pathways between Toll-like receptors and the complement system.Trends in immunology · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides can activate complement, and experimental murine studies have revealed differential effects upon simultaneous TLR stimulation and complement activation compared with either event alone. We set out to investigate the immune stimulatory effects of CpG 2006 in fresh non-anticoagulated human blood with or without presence of active complement. We also sought to elucidate the mechanism behind complement activation upon stimulation with phosphorothioate CpG 2006. In a human blood loop system, both backbone and sequence-specific effects by CpG were counteracted by selective inhibition of C3. Furthermore, DNA backbone-mediated CD40 and CD83 expression on monocytes and sequence-specific IL-6 and TNF production were reduced by complement inhibition. CpG-induced complement activation occurred via either the classical or the alternative pathway and deposits of both IgM and properdin, two activators of complement, were detected on CpG after incubation with EDTA plasma. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring demonstrated alternative pathway convertase build-up onto CpG as a likely pathway to initiate and sustain complement activation. Specific inhibition of C3 suppressed CpG 2006 uptake into monocytes indicating that C3 fragments are involved in CpG internalization. The interplay between complement and TLR9 signaling demonstrated herein warrants further investigation.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.