ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2009
Proopiomelanocortin expression in both GABA and glutamate neurons.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 111 papers.
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Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 182 citations in OpenAlex.
- Angiotensin-(1-7) Activates Proopiomelanocortin Neurons in the Arcuate Nucleus.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Beyond satiety: unraveling the complex roles of POMC neurons in behavior and metabolism.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Emerging role of AgRP neurons as integrators of metabolic, sensory and environmental cues in the control of energy homeostasis.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Refining the role of the paraventricular hypothalamus in feeding behavior.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Article
- Mitragynine and morphine produce dose-dependent bimodal action on food but not water intake in rats.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2024Article
- Molecular and functional mapping of the neuroendocrine hypothalamus: a new era begins.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Review
- The homeodomain transcription factor Six3 regulates hypothalamic Pomc expression and its absence from POMC neurons induces hyperphagia and mild obesity in male mice.Molecular metabolism · 2024Article
- A brainstem to hypothalamic arcuate nucleus GABAergic circuit drives feeding.Current biology : CB · 2024Article
- Competition between stochastic neuropeptide signals calibrates the rate of satiation.Research square · 2023Article
- Disturbed circadian rhythm and retinal degeneration in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2023Article
- SK3 in POMC neurons plays a sexually dimorphic role in energy and glucose homeostasis.Cell & bioscience · 2022Article
- Ablation of Growth Hormone Receptor in GABAergic Neurons Leads to Increased Pulsatile Growth Hormone Secretion.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- Sex differences and the lack of effects of chemogenetic manipulation of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons on alcohol consumption in male and female mice.Brain research · 2022Article
- The physiological control of eating: signals, neurons, and networks.Physiological reviews · 2022 · on this mapArticle
- Arcuate Nucleus-Dependent Regulation of Metabolism-Pathways to Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.Endocrine reviews · 2022Review
- Inhibition of POMC neurons in mice undergoing activity-based anorexia selectively blunts food anticipatory activity without affecting body weight or food intake.American journal of physiology. Regulatory, integrative and comparative physiology · 2022Article
- Ethanol consumption activates a subset of arcuate nucleus pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)-producing neurons: a c-fos immunohistochemistry study.Physiological reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Extrahypothalamic Control of Energy Balance and Its Connection with Reproduction: Roles of the Amygdala.Metabolites · 2021Review
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons have been intensively studied because of their essential role in regulating energy balance and body weight. Many effects of POMC neurons can be attributed to their release of cognate neuropeptides from secretory granules in axon terminals. However, these neurons also synaptically release non-peptide neurotransmitters. The aim of this study was to settle the controversy whether there are separate populations of POMC neurons that release GABA or glutamate. Transgenic mice expressing a red fluorescent protein [Discosoma red (DsRed)] driven by Pomc neuronal regulatory elements (POMC-DsRed) were crossed to mice that expressed green fluorescent protein (gfp) in GABAergic neurons (GAD67-gfp). Approximately 40% of POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the double-transgenic mice expressed the GAD67-gfp transgene. In vitro neurotransmitter release was detected using whole-cell electrophysiologic recordings in cultured GAD67-gfp-positive and GAD67-gfp-negative POMC neurons that had formed recurrent synapses (autapses). Autapses from GAD67-gfp-positive neurons were uniformly GABAergic. In contrast, autapses from the GAD67-gfp-negative POMC neurons exclusively exhibited postsynaptic currents mediated by glutamate. Together, these results indicate that there are two subpopulations of POMC neurons in the arcuate nucleus differentiated by their amino acid neurotransmitter phenotype. Whole-cell voltage-clamp recordings from POMC neurons in live brain slices indicated that GABAergic and glutamatergic POMC neurons are under similar presynaptic and postsynaptic regulation, although the GABAergic POMC neurons are smaller and have higher input resistance. GABAergic and glutamatergic POMC neurons may mediate distinct aspects of POMC neuron function, including the regulation of energy homeostasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.