ArticleJournal of medical primatology2009
Anti-retroviral therapy fails to restore the severe Th-17: Tc-17 imbalance observed in peripheral blood during simian immunodeficiency virus infection.
Article in Journal of medical primatology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- A randomized case-control study of dynamic changes in peripheral blood Th17/Treg cell balance and interleukin-17 levels in highly active antiretroviral-treated HIV type 1/AIDS patients.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Trial
- Respiratory infection with Enterovirus D68 induces severe acute lung inflammation in the pediatric ferret model.iScience · 2025Article
- MHC-II presentation by oral Langerhans cells impacts intraepithelial Tc17 abundance andFrontiers in oral health · 2024Article
- Direct intranodal tonsil vaccination with modified vaccinia Ankara vaccine protects macaques from highly pathogenic SIVmac251.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Microbial Dysbiosis During Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection is Partially Reverted with Combination Anti-retroviral Therapy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Article
- Microbial translocation: translating simian immunodeficiency virus to HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2018Article
- Significant Depletion of CD4(+) T Cells Occurs in the Oral Mucosa during Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection with the Infected CD4(+) T Cell Reservoir Continuing to Persist in the Oral Mucosa during Antiretroviral Therapy.Journal of immunology research · 2015Article
- Preferential HIV infection of CCR6+ Th17 cells is associated with higher levels of virus receptor expression and lack of CCR5 ligands.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Suppressed Th17 levels correlate with elevated PIAS3, SHP2, and SOCS3 expression in CD4 T cells during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Loss and dysregulation of Th17 cells during HIV infection.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Review
- Article
- Article
- In vitro restoration of Th17 response during HIV infection with an antiretroviral drug and Th17 differentiation cytokines.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- IL-23 in infections, inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer: possible role in HIV-1 and AIDS.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2012Review
- Strong viremia control in vaccinated macaques does not prevent gradual Th17 cell loss from central memory.Vaccine · 2011Article
- Th17 cells and regulatory T cells in elite control over HIV and SIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2011Review
- CD8 positive T cells express IL-17 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Respiratory research · 2011Article
- Compromised gastrointestinal integrity in pigtail macaques is associated with increased microbial translocation, immune activation, and IL-17 production in the absence of SIV infection.Mucosal immunology · 2010Article
- CD4 T cell subsets in the mucosa are CD28+Ki-67-HLA-DR-CD69+ but show differential infection based on alpha4beta7 receptor expression during acute SIV infection.Journal of medical primatology · 2009Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHuman immuno deficiency virus and simian immunodeficiency virus infections are characterized by a severe loss of Th-17 cells (IL-17(+)CD4(+) T cells) that has been associated with disease progression and systemic dissemination of bacterial infections. Anti-retroviral therapy (ART) has led to repopulation of CD4(+) T cells in peripheral tissues with little sustainable repopulation in mucosal tissues. Given the central importance of Th-17 cells in mucosal homeostasis, it is not known if the failure of ART to permanently repopulate mucosal tissues is associated with a failure to restore Th-17 cells that are lost during infection.
methodsDynamics of alpha4(+)beta7(hi) CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood of SIV infected rhesus macaques were evaluated and compared to animals that were treated with ART. The frequency of Th-17 and Tc-17 cells was determined following infection and after therapy. Relative expression of IL-21, IL-23, and TGFbeta was determined using Taqman PCR.
resultsTreatment of SIV infected rhesus macaques with anti-retroviral therapy was associated with a substantial repopulation of mucosal homing alpha4(+)beta7(hi)CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood. This repopulation, however, was not accompanied by a restoration of Th-17 responses. Interestingly, SIV infection was associated with an increase in Tc-17 responses (IL-17(+)CD8(+) T cells) suggesting to a skewing in the ratio of Th-17: Tc-17 cells from a predominantly Th-17 phenotype to a predominantly Tc-17 phenotype. Surprisingly, Tc-17 responses remained high during the course of therapy suggesting that ART failed to correct the imbalance in Th-17 : Tc-17 responses induced following SIV infection.
conclusionsART was associated with substantial repopulation of alpha4(+)beta7(hi) CD4(+) T cells in peripheral blood with little or no rebound of Th-17 cells. On the other hand, repopulation of alpha4(+)beta7(hi) CD4(+) T cells was accompanied by persistence of high levels of Tc-17 cells in peripheral blood. The dysregulation of Th-17 and Tc-17 responses likely plays a role in disease progression.
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