ArticleBritish journal of cancer2009
Tumour-targeted delivery of TRAIL using Salmonella typhimurium enhances breast cancer survival in mice.
Article in British journal of cancer, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Salmonella as an immune-metabolic modulator of the tumor microenvironment.Trends in biotechnology · 2026Review
- Engineering oncolytic bacteria as precision cancer therapeutics: design principles, therapeutic strategies, and translational perspectives.Protein & cell · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of bacteria-mediated cancer immunotherapy: from intratumoral microbiota to engineered therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Engineering bacteria for enhanced tumor therapy: from surface modification to synthetic genetic circuits.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Review
- Bacteria-Based Roles in Solid Tumors: Potential for Prevention and Treatment.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Designing live bacterial therapeutics for cancer.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2025Review
- Quorum Sensing: Not Just a Bridge Between Bacteria.MicrobiologyOpen · 2025Review
- Precision tumor treatment utilizing bacteria: principles and future perspectives.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Bactofection, Bacterial-Mediated Vaccination, and Cancer Therapy: Current Applications and Future Perspectives.Vaccines · 2024Review
- Exploiting bacteria for cancer immunotherapy.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2024Review
- Microbiome and cancer: from mechanistic implications in disease progression and treatment to development of novel antitumoral strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- The role of bacteria and its derived biomaterials in cancer radiotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- Engineered E. coli Nissle 1917 for delivery of bioactive IL-2 for cancer immunotherapy.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Bacterial Therapy of Cancer: A Way to the Dustbin of History or to the Medicine of the Future?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bacterial-Mediated Tumor Therapy: Old Treatment in a New Context.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2023Review
- Article
- Recent advances in bacterial therapeutics based on sense and response.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2023Review
- TLR5 agonists enhance anti-tumor immunity and overcome resistance to immune checkpoint therapy.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Recent Advances in Bacteria-Based Cancer Treatment.Cancers · 2022Review
- Review
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAn effective cancer therapeutic must selectively target tumours with minimal systemic toxicity. Expression of a cytotoxic protein using Salmonella typhimurium would enable spatial and temporal control of delivery because these bacteria preferentially target tumours over normal tissue.
methodsWe engineered non-pathogenic S. typhimurium to secrete murine TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) under the control of the prokaryotic radiation-inducible RecA promoter. The response of the RecA promoter to radiation was measured using fluorometry and immunoblotting. TRAIL toxicity was determined using flow cytometry and by measuring caspase-3 activation. A syngeneic murine tumour model was used to determine bacterial accumulation and the response to expressed TRAIL.
resultsAfter irradiation, engineered S. typhimurium secreted TRAIL, which caused caspase-3-mediated apoptosis and death in 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells in culture. Systemic injection of Salmonella and induction of TRAIL expression using 2 Gy gamma-irradiation caused a significant delay in mammary tumour growth and reduced the risk of death by 76% when compared with irradiated controls. Repeated dosing with TRAIL-bearing Salmonella in conjunction with radiation improved the 30-day survival from 0 to 100%.
conclusionThese results show the pre-clinical utility of S. typhimurium as a TRAIL expression vector that effectively reduces tumour growth and extends host survival.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.