ReviewNature reviews. Immunology2009
Monkeying around with HIV vaccines: using rhesus macaques to define 'gatekeepers' for clinical trials.
Review in Nature reviews. Immunology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 138 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mergers and migrations: drivers of population genetic structure in a captive rhesus macaque colony.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Methods to characterize the vaginal microbiome in a rhesus macaque model of simian human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) transmission uncover epithelium-associated enrichment ofCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2026Article
- Induction of HIV-1-specific antibody-mediated effector functions by native-like envelope trimers in humans.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The genomic legacy of selectively breeding rhesus macaques for HIV/AIDS-related research.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- A systems biology approach to define SARS-CoV-2 correlates of protection.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Nef defect attenuates HIV viremia and immune dysregulation in the bone marrow-liver-thymus-spleen (BLTS) humanized mouse model.Virology · 2024Article
- The Role of Behavioral Management in Enhancing Clinical Care and Efficiency, Minimizing Social Disruption, and Promoting Welfare in Captive Primates.Veterinary sciences · 2024Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV replication in M3+ Mauritian cynomolgus macaques initiated on ART two weeks post-infection.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- Tetravalent SARS-CoV-2 S1 Subunit Protein Vaccination Elicits Robust Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses in SIV-Infected Rhesus Macaque Controllers.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CD8+ cells and small viral reservoirs facilitate post-ART control of SIV in Mauritian cynomolgus macaques.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Gene Editing of Primary Rhesus Macaque B Cells.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2023Article
- Defining genetic diversity of rhesus macaque Fcγ receptors with long-read RNA sequencing.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Toll-like Interleukin -1 Receptor Regulator (TILRR) Protein, a Major Modulator of Inflammation, is Expressed in Normal Human and Macaque Tissues and PBMCs.Journal of inflammation research · 2022Article
- Dramatic transcriptomic differences in Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis with Plasmodium knowlesi infections.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Lack of Molecular Mimicry between Nonhuman Primates and Infectious Pathogens: The Possible Genetic Bases.Global medical genetics · 2021Article
- Article
- Moving beyond the mousetrap: current and emerging humanized mouse and rat models for investigating prevention and cure strategies against HIV infection and associated pathologies.Retrovirology · 2020Review
- MACSNVdb: a high-quality SNV database for interspecies genetic divergence investigation among macaques.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2020Article
- Multivariate profiling of African green monkey and rhesus macaque T lymphocytes.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Quantification of Viral RNA and DNA Positive Cells in Tissues From Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/Simian Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Controller and Progressor Rhesus Macaques.Frontiers in microbiology · 2019Article
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Rhesus macaques are an important animal model for the study of human disease and the development of vaccines against HIV and AIDS. HIV vaccines have been benchmarked in rhesus macaque preclinical challenge studies using chimeric viruses made up of parts of HIV and simian immunodeficiency viruses. However, the lack of efficacy in a recent clinical trial calls for a re-evaluation of the scientific assumptions regarding the predictive value of using data generated from rhesus macaques as a 'gatekeeper' for the advancement of candidate vaccines into the clinic. In this context, there is significant consensus among HIV vaccinologists that next-generation HIV vaccines must generate 'better' immunity in rhesus macaques than clinically unsuccessful vaccines generated using validated assays. Defining better immunity is the core challenge of HIV vaccine development in this system and is the focus of this Review.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.