ReviewNeurochemical research2009
Cellular elements of the blood-brain barrier.
Review in Neurochemical research, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 188 citations in OpenAlex.
- CRISPR/Cas9-based nanodelivery systems for precision gene editing in neuroinflammation.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Review
- Alkaline loading of extracellular vesicles produced from human neural stem cell-derived neurospheres enables CNS drug delivery.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Mechanisms of inflammatory response in secondary brain injury: a review of computational approaches, challenges, and future directions.Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology · 2026Review
- Silicon quantum dots for neurotheranostic applications in dopamine detection.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Role of extracellular vesicles derived from HIV-infected T cells and microglial cells in neuroinflammation and neuropathogenesis using a blood-brain barrier and cerebral organoid co-culture model.Journal of neurovirology · 2026Article
- Neurotoxicity of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics in Urinary Tract Infections: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Advances in urology · 2026Review
- Search for marker proteins to assess blood-brain barrier development.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2026Article
- Periodontal disease and neuroinflammation in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review of current evidence.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2026Review
- The progress of tuberculous meningitis medical management in adults.Surgical neurology international · 2026Review
- Deceiving the gatekeepers: virus modulation of gap junctions.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025Review
- Uric acid and ammonia play synergistic roles in the loss of blood-brain barrier integrity in the context of hepatic encephalopathy.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Article
- Comprehensive mapping of the signaling events evoked by SARS-CoV-2 variants delta and omicron in human astrocytes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Alkaline loading of extracellular vesicles produced from human neural stem cell-derived neurospheres enables CNS drug delivery.Research square · 2025Article
- Bilirubin: a game-changer in alzheimer's therapy? Unveiling its neuroprotective and disease-modifying potential.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Exploring novel roles of lipid droplets and lipid metabolism in regulating inflammation and blood-brain barrier function in neurological diseases.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Review
- Claudin-5 and inflammatory biomarkers in panic disorder: a 6-week follow-up study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2025Article
- Role of scaffold proteins in the heterogeneity of glioblastoma.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Eucalyptus Wood Smoke Extract Elicits a Dose-Dependent Effect in Brain Endothelial Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- C-C Chemokine Receptor 7 Promotes T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Invasion of the Central Nervous System via β2-Integrins.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Unraveling the complexity of human brain: Structure, function in healthy and disease states.Ageing research reviews · 2024Review
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Blood-brain-barrier (BBB) provides both anatomical and physiological protection for the central nervous system (CNS), shielding the brain for toxic substances in the blood, supplying brain tissues with nutrients and filtering harmful compounds from the brain back to the bloodstream. The BBB is composed of four main cellular elements: endothelial cells (ECs), astrocyte end-feet, microglial cells, and pericytes. Transport across the BBB is limited by both physical and metabolic barriers (enzymes, and different transport systems). Tight junctions (TJs) present between ECs form an important barrier against diffusion, excluding most blood-borne substances for entering the brain.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.