ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2010
Homeostasis of peripheral FoxP3(+) CD4 (+) regulatory T cells in patients with early and late stage breast cancer.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- CD25 blockade depletes and selectively reprograms regulatory T cells in concert with immunotherapy in cancer patients.Science translational medicine · 2012Trial
- Integrating bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis to reveal characterization of mechanical stimulus-related genes and prognostic signatures in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- The complex role of regulatory cells in breast cancer: implication for immunopathogenesis and immunotherapy.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2025Review
- Article
- Regulatory T cells with multiple suppressive and potentially pro-tumor activities accumulate in human colorectal cancer.Oncoimmunology · 2016Article
- Clinical Impact of Regulatory T cells (Treg) in Cancer and HIV.Cancer microenvironment : official journal of the International Cancer Microenvironment Society · 2015Article
- The role of regulatory T cells in cancer immunology.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2015Review
- Induced regulatory T cells in inhibitory microenvironments created by cancer.Expert opinion on biological therapy · 2014Review
- Induction of Multiple Immune Regulatory Pathways with Differential Impact in HCV/HIV Coinfection.Frontiers in immunology · 2014Article
- Effects of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy on the frequency and function of regulatory T cells in patients with head and neck cancer.Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research · 2013Article
- Depletion of T lymphocytes is correlated with response to temozolomide in melanoma patients.Oncoimmunology · 2013Article
- Article
- Expression of CTLA-4 and Foxp3 in peripheral blood T cells of patients with squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma.Contemporary oncology (Poznan, Poland) · 2013Article
- What are regulatory T cells (Treg) regulating in cancer and why?Seminars in cancer biology · 2012Review
- Article
- Regulatory T cells increase in breast cancer and in stage IV breast cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2012Article
- Peripheral blood immunologic phenotype of population-based breast cancer cases and matched controls.European journal of clinical investigation · 2012Article
- Dysfunctional B-cell activation in cirrhosis resulting from hepatitis C infection associated with disappearance of CD27-positive B-cell population.Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) · 2012Article
- Regulation of COX2 expression in mouse mammary tumor cells controls bone metastasis and PGE2-induction of regulatory T cell migration.PloS one · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
FoxP3( + ) CD4( + ) regulatory T cells (Tregs) are important mediators of peripheral immune tolerance, acting via multiple mechanisms to suppress cellular immunity including antitumor responses. Although therapeutic strategies have been proposed to deplete Tregs in patients with breast cancer and other malignancies, dynamic changes in the Treg compartment as a function of stage and treatment of breast cancer remain poorly understood. Here, we evaluated peripheral blood CD4(+) T cells and FoxP3(+) CD4(+) T cells from 45 patients with early or late stage breast cancer and compared percentages, absolute counts, and Treg function to those from healthy volunteers (HV) of comparable age. Patients having completed adjuvant chemotherapy and patients with metastatic cancer exhibited significantly lower absolute CD4 counts and significantly higher percentages of FoxP3(+) CD4(+) T cells. In contrast, the absolute counts of circulating FoxP3(+) CD4(+) T cells did not differ significantly among early stage patients, late stage patients, or HV. Functionally, FoxP3(+) CD4(+) T cells from all donor groups similarly expressed CTLA-4 and failed to secrete IFN-gamma in response to stimulation. Thus, although Tregs comprise an increased percentage of circulating CD4(+) T cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer and patients in remission after completing the adjuvant chemotherapy, the systemic Treg pool, as measured by absolute counts, appears relatively constant regardless of disease stage or treatment status. Total CD4(+) T cell counts are not constant, however, suggesting that homeostatic mechanisms, or susceptibility to cytotoxic or malignant insults, fundamentally differ for regulatory and non-regulatory CD4(+) T cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.