ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2010
From mental disorder to iatrogenic hypogonadism: dilemmas in conceptualizing gender identity variants as psychiatric conditions.
Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 177 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gender-affirming hormone treatment: friend or foe? Long-term follow-up of 755 transgender people.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2024Observational
- Body Image in Adolescents with Gender Incongruence and Its Association with Psychological Functioning.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Intersectionality and the invisibility of transgender health in the Philippines.Global health research and policy · 2022Article
- Considerations for Transgender People With Diabetes.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2021Article
- Body image in children with gender incongruence.Clinical child psychology and psychiatry · 2021Article
- Multidimensional and Intersectional Gender Identity and Sexual Attraction Patterns of Adolescents for Quantitative Research.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Article
- Trends in suicide death risk in transgender people: results from the Amsterdam Cohort of Gender Dysphoria study (1972-2017).Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2020Article
- Personality Disorders and Personality Profiles in a Sample of Transgender Individuals Requesting Gender-Affirming Treatments.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- Gender identity, gender assignment and reassignment in individuals with disorders of sex development: a major of dilemma.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2016Review
- A Review of the Status of Brain Structure Research in Transsexualism.Archives of sexual behavior · 2016Review
- Article
- Sex-dependent dissociation between emotional appraisal and memory: a large-scale behavioral and fMRI study.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2015Article
- Gender identity disorder and schizophrenia: neurodevelopmental disorders with common causal mechanisms?Schizophrenia research and treatment · 2014Review
- Assessing gender identity concerns in children and adolescents: evaluation, treatments, and outcomes.Current psychiatry reports · 2012Article
- Gender incongruence: a comparative study using ICD-10 and DSM-5 diagnostic criteria.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)Article
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Abstract
The categorization of gender identity variants (GIVs) as "mental disorders" in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) of the American Psychiatric Association is highly controversial among professionals as well as among persons with GIV. After providing a brief history of GIV categorizations in the DSM, this paper presents some of the major issues of the ongoing debate: GIV as psychopathology versus natural variation; definition of "impairment" and "distress" for GID; associated psychopathology and its relation to stigma; the stigma impact of the mental-disorder label itself; the unusual character of "sex reassignment surgery" as a psychiatric treatment; and the consequences for health and mental-health services if the disorder label is removed. Finally, several categorization options are examined: Retaining the GID category, but possibly modifying its grouping with other syndromes; narrowing the definition to dysphoria and taking "disorder" out of the label; categorizing GID as a neurological or medical rather than a psychiatric disorder; removing GID from both the DSM and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD); and creating a special category for GIV in the DSM. I conclude that-as also evident in other DSM categories-the decision on the categorization of GIVs cannot be achieved on a purely scientific basis, and that a consensus for a pragmatic compromise needs to be arrived at that accommodates both scientific considerations and the service needs of persons with GIVs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.