ArticleJournal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)2009
Prediction of bacterial proteins carrying a nuclear localization signal and nuclear targeting of HsdM from Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Article in Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for invasiveFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Hijacked epigenomes: how bacterial effectors rewrite host gene expression.Archives of microbiology · 2026Review
- Identification of candidate nucleomodulins in ESKAPE bacteria -Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Nucleomodulins from gut bacteria: diverse mechanisms of translocation and interaction with host nuclear processes.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025Review
- To target or not to target? The role of DNA and histone methylation in bacterial infections.Epigenetics · 2023Review
- Review
- FHA domain of AGGF1 is essential for its nucleocytoplasmic transport and angiogenesis.Science China. Life sciences · 2021Article
- Origin of biomolecular games: deception and molecular evolution.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2018Article
- Morphological changes in human gastric epithelial cells induced by nuclear targeting of Helicobacter pylori urease subunit A.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2015Article
- Helicobacter pylori DNA methyltransferases and the epigenetic field effect in cancerization.Frontiers in microbiology · 2014Article
- Functional eukaryotic nuclear localization signals are widespread in terminal proteins of bacteriophages.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nuclear targeting of bacterial proteins is an emerging pathogenic mechanism whereby bacterial proteins can interact with nuclear molecules and alter the physiology of host cells. The fully sequenced bacterial genome can predict proteins that target the nuclei of host cells based on the presence of nuclear localization signal (NLS). In the present study, we predicted bacterial proteins with the NLS sequences from Klebsiella pneumoniae by bioinformatic analysis, and 13 proteins were identified as carrying putative NLS sequences. Among them, HsdM, a subunit of KpnAl that is a type I restriction-modification system found in K. pneumoniae, was selected for the experimental proof of nuclear targeting in host cells. HsdM carried the NLS sequences, (7)KKAKAKK(13), in the N-terminus. A transient expression of HsdM-EGFP in COS-1 cells exhibited exclusively a nuclear localization of the fusion proteins, whereas the fusion proteins of HsdM with substitutions in residues lysine to alanine in the NLS sequences, (7)AAAKAAA(13), were localized in the cytoplasm. HsdM was co-localized with importin o in the nuclei of host cells. Recombinant HsdM alone methylated the eukaryotic DNA in vitro assay. Although HsdM tested in this study has not been considered to be a virulence factor, the prediction of NLS motifs from the full sequenced genome of bacteria extends our knowledge of functional genomics to understand subcellular targeting of bacterial proteins.
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