ArticleJournal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)2009
The photodynamic effect of methylene blue and toluidine blue on Candida albicans is dependent on medium conditions.
Article in Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Assessment of the Impact of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using a 635 nm Diode Laser and Toluidine Blue on the Susceptibility of Selected Strains ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy for Superficial, Skin, and Mucosal Fungal Infections: An Update.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- What Is the Impact of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy on Oral Candidiasis? An In Vitro Study.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A Novel Technique for Disinfection Treatment of Contaminated Dental Implant Surface Using 0.1% Riboflavin and 445 nm Diode Laser-An In Vitro Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Photosensitizers Mediated Photodynamic Inactivation against Fungi.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Influence of Incubation Time on Ortho-Toluidine Blue Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Directed against SelectedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Photodynamic inactivation ofBiology letters · 2021Article
- Efficacy of Toluidine Blue-Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy onAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Visible Lights Combined with Photosensitizing Compounds Are Effective against Candida albicans Biofilms.Microorganisms · 2021Article
- Photodynamic Therapy Is Effective AgainstFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
- Photodynamic Inactivation ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) using toluidine blue inhibits both growth and biofilm formation by Candida krusei.Lasers in medical science · 2018Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: an effective alternative approach to control fungal infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2015Review
- Comparative evaluation of photodynamic therapy induced by two different photosensitizers in rat experimental candidiasis.Dental research journal · 2014Article
- Photodynamic inactivation of Candida albicans mediated by a low density of light energy.Lasers in medical science · 2014Article
- Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) inhibits biofilm formation by Candida albicans, increasing both ROS production and membrane permeability.Lasers in medical science · 2014Article
- Hydrogen bond acceptors and additional cationic charges in methylene blue derivatives: photophysics and antimicrobial efficiency.BioMed research international · 2013Article
- Paradoxical potentiation of methylene blue-mediated antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation by sodium azide: role of ambient oxygen and azide radicals.Free radical biology & medicine · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Due to the increased number of immunocompromised patients, the infections associated with the pathogen of the genus Candida and other fungi have increased dramatically. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has been presented as a potential antimicrobial therapy, in a process that combines light and a photosensitizing drug, which promotes a phototoxic response by the treated cells. In this work, we studied the effects of the different medium conditions during PACT, using either methylene blue (MB) or toluidine blue (TB) on Candida albicans. The inhibition of the growth produced by PACT was decreased for different pH values (6.0, 7.0, and 8.0) in a buffered medium. The phototoxic effects were observed only in the presence of saline (not buffered medium). PACT was modulated by calcium in a different manner using either MB or TB. Also when using MB both verapamil or sodium azide were able to decrease the phototoxic effects on the C. albicans. These results show that PACT is presented as a new and promising antifungal therapy, however, new studies are necessary to understand the mechanism by which this event occurs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.