ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2009
Resistance to vaccinia virus is less dependent on TNF under conditions of heterologous immunity.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influenza- and MCMV-induced memory CD8 T cells control respiratory vaccinia virus infection despite residence in distinct anatomical niches.Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- Virological and Immunological Outcomes of Coinfections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2018Review
- Chemokines cooperate with TNF to provide protective anti-viral immunity and to enhance inflammation.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Article
- Increased Immune Response Variability during Simultaneous Viral Coinfection Leads to Unpredictability in CD8 T Cell Immunity and Pathogenesis.Journal of virology · 2015Article
- Vaccination and heterologous immunity: educating the immune system.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2015Review
- The two faces of heterologous immunity: protection or immunopathology.Journal of leukocyte biology · 2014Review
- Anti-IFN-γ and peptide-tolerization therapies inhibit acute lung injury induced by cross-reactive influenza A-specific memory T cells.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- Disruption of TNF-α/TNFR1 function in resident skin cells impairs host immune response against cutaneous vaccinia virus infection.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2012Article
- Heterologous immunity: immunopathology, autoimmunity and protection during viral infections.Autoimmunity · 2011Review
- Heterologous immunity between viruses.Immunological reviews · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
TNF has been shown to be important for controlling many pathogens. Here, we directly demonstrate using wild-type TNF(-/-) and TNFR1(-/-) mice that TNF does play a role in protection against vaccinia virus (VV) infection in naive mice. Since VV replication is also partially controlled in lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV)-immune C57BL/6J mice through the process of heterologous immunity, we questioned whether TNF was required in mediating this protection. VV-infected LCMV-immune mice that were TNF-deficient as a consequence of genetic deletion or receptor blockade demonstrated normal recruitment and selective expansion of cross-reactive LCMV-specific memory CD8 T cells and controlled VV infection similar to LCMV-immune mice having TNF function. This indicates that neither TNF nor lymphotoxin, which uses the same receptor, was required in mediating protective heterologous immunity against VV. Indeed, prior immunity to LCMV made the role of TNF in protection against VV infection much less important, even under conditions of lethal dose inoculum. Thus, heterologous immunity may help explain why treatment of patients with anti-TNF compounds is reasonably well tolerated with relatively few infectious complications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.