ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
T-box 2, a mediator of Bmp-Smad signaling, induced hyaluronan synthase 2 and Tgfbeta2 expression and endocardial cushion formation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hyaluronan in cardiac disease: implications for the extracellular matrix beyond collagen.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2026Review
- Application of Prenatal Whole Exome Sequencing for Congenital Heart Anomalies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Cardiac EndMT and EpiMT as a developmental continuum: integration of mechanical, metabolic, and epigenetic regulation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Tbx genes influence early gene expression and photoreceptor patterning in the chick retina.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Single-nuclei multiomics analysis identifies abnormal cardiomyocytes in a murine model of cardiac development.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Identification of two miRNAs regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation in an Antarctic icefish.iScience · 2024Article
- Development and transdifferentiation into inner hair cells require Tbx2.National science review · 2022Article
- Single-nucleus chromatin accessibility profiling highlights regulatory mechanisms of coronary artery disease risk.Nature genetics · 2022Article
- Endocardial Regulation of Cardiac Development.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2022Review
- ASB2 is a novel E3 ligase of SMAD9 required for cardiogenesis.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Article
- Differential Spatio-Temporal Regulation of T-Box Gene Expression by microRNAs during Cardiac Development.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2021Article
- The transcription factor Sox7 modulates endocardiac cushion formation contributed to atrioventricular septal defect through Wnt4/Bmp2 signaling.Cell death & disease · 2021Article
- TBX4 Transcription Factor Is a Positive Feedback Regulator of Itself and Phospho-SMAD1/5.American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology · 2021Article
- Myocardial fibrosis, inflammation, and altered cardiac gene expression profiles in rats exposed to a predator-based model of posttraumatic stress disorder.Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2020Article
- A regulatory variant in TBX2 promoter is related to the decreased susceptibility of congenital heart disease in the Han Chinese population.Molecular genetics & genomic medicine · 2019Article
- Susceptibility to congenital heart defects associated with a polymorphism in TBX2 3' untranslated region in the Han Chinese population.Pediatric research · 2019Article
- TETs Regulate Proepicardial Cell Migration through Extracellular Matrix Organization during Zebrafish Cardiogenesis.Cell reports · 2019Article
- Notch and interacting signalling pathways in cardiac development, disease, and regeneration.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2018Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
During early heart development, Tbx2 gene expression is initiated in the cardiac crescent and then becomes restricted to the outflow tract and the atrioventricular region. We identified a Tbx2 regulatory region, enriched in multiple Smad sites, sufficient to reproduce Tbx2 expression patterns overlapping Bmp2 and Bmp4 gene activity in the heart. The role of Tbx2 in cardiogenesis was analyzed by using Cre-LoxP activated Tbx2 transgenic misexpression in chamber myocardium. Ventricular Tbx2 misexpression exhibited an abnormally narrow chamber lumen owing to the expansion of Hyaluronan synthase 2 expression in the ECM or cardiac jelly and the appearance of the endocardial cushions (ECs). Excessive Tbx2 also induced Tgfbeta2, which coincided with the outgrowth epithelial-mesenchymal transformed cells in ventricular and atrial tissues modifying cardiomyocyte identity from chamber type to non-chamber type. Tbx2, a central intermediary of Bmp-Smad signaling, has a central part in directing Has2 and Tgfbeta2 expression, facilitating EC formation.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.