ArticleJournal of virology2010
The requirement for cellular transportin 3 (TNPO3 or TRN-SR2) during infection maps to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid and not integrase.
Article in Journal of virology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 134 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
134 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 176 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV Genome-Wide Protein Associations: a Review of 30 Years of Research.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Pooled it
- Mis-localized nucleoporin POM121C potently inhibits nuclear entry of HIV-1 but leads to the outgrowth of viral escape mutants.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- CPSF6 promotes HIV-1 preintegration complex function.Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Review
- A new class of capsid-targeting inhibitors that specifically block HIV-1 nuclear import.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- HIV-1 adapts to lost IP6 coordination through second-site mutations that restore conical capsid assembly.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Capsid-host interactions for HIV-1 ingress.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2023Review
- Emerging role of cyclophilin A in HIV-1 infection: from producer cell to the target cell nucleus.Journal of virology · 2023Review
- Complex Relationships between HIV-1 Integrase and Its Cellular Partners.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Transcriptomic Evidence of the Immune Response Activation in Individuals With Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy Dominant 2 (LGMDD2) Contributes to Resistance to HIV-1 Infection.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- CRISPR/Cas9-Induced Mutagenesis Corroborates the Role of Transportin-SR2 in HIV-1 Nuclear Import.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Human Three Prime Repair Exonuclease 1 Promotes HIV-1 Integration by Preferentially Degrading Unprocessed Viral DNA.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- The Role of Capsid in HIV-1 Nuclear Entry.Viruses · 2021Review
- The Role of Capsid in the Early Steps of HIV-1 Infection: New Insights into the Core of the Matter.Viruses · 2021Review
- Role of Transportin-SR2 in HIV-1 Nuclear Import.Viruses · 2021Review
- HIV-1 cores retain their integrity until minutes before uncoating in the nucleus.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2021Article
- Structure, Function, and Interactions of the HIV-1 Capsid Protein.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Factors that mold the nuclear landscape of HIV-1 integration.Nucleic acids research · 2021Review
- HIV-1 Hijacking of Host ATPases and GTPases That Control Protein Trafficking.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- HIV-1 Capsid Core: A Bullet to the Heart of the Target Cell.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
74 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recent genome-wide screens have highlighted an important role for transportin 3 in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and preintegration complex (PIC) nuclear import. Moreover, HIV-1 integrase interacted with recombinant transportin 3 protein under conditions whereby Moloney murine leukemia virus (MLV) integrase failed to do so, suggesting that integrase-transportin 3 interactions might underscore active retroviral PIC nuclear import. Here we correlate infectivity defects in transportin 3 knockdown cells with in vitro protein binding affinities for an expanded set of retroviruses that include simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), bovine immunodeficiency virus (BIV), equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV), feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV), and Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) to critically address the role of integrase-transportin 3 interactions in viral infection. Lentiviruses, with the exception of FIV, display a requirement for transportin 3 in comparison to MLV and RSV, yielding an infection-based dependency ranking of SIV > HIV-1 > BIV and EIAV > MLV, RSV, and FIV. In vitro pulldown and surface plasmon resonance assays, in contrast, define a notably different integrase-transportin 3 binding hierarchy: FIV, HIV-1, and BIV > SIV and MLV > EIAV. Our results therefore fail to support a critical role for integrase binding in dictating transportin 3 dependency during retrovirus infection. In addition to integrase, capsid has been highlighted as a retroviral nuclear import determinant. Accordingly, MLV/HIV-1 chimera viruses pinpoint the genetic determinant of sensitization to transportin 3 knockdown to the HIV-1 capsid protein. We therefore conclude that capsid, not integrase, is the dominant viral factor that dictates transportin 3 dependency during HIV-1 infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.