ArticleJournal of bacteriology2009
Roles of the Bacillus anthracis spore protein ExsK in exosporium maturation and germination.
Article in Journal of bacteriology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Role of novel polysaccharide layers in assembly of the exosporium, the outermost protein layer of the Bacillus anthracis spore.Molecular microbiology · 2022Article
- The Morphogenetic Protein CotE Positions Exosporium Proteins CotY and ExsY during Sporulation of Bacillus cereus.mSphere · 2021Article
- Learning from Nature: Bacterial Spores as a Target for Current Technologies in Medicine (Review).Sovremennye tekhnologii v meditsine · 2021Review
- Characterization ofFrontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Article
- Culture-based study on the development of antibiotic resistance in a biological wastewater system treating stepwise increasing doses of streptomycin.AMB Express · 2018Article
- Molecular tiling on the surface of a bacterial spore - the exosporium of the Bacillus anthracis/cereus/thuringiensis group.Molecular microbiology · 2017Article
- Discovery of a Unique Extracellular Polysaccharide in Members of the Pathogenic Bacillus That Can Co-form with Spores.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Surviving Between Hosts: Sporulation and Transmission.Microbiology spectrum · 2016Review
- The Regulation of Exosporium-Related Genes in Bacillus thuringiensis.Scientific reports · 2016Article
- The Exosporium Layer of Bacterial Spores: a Connection to the Environment and the Infected Host.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2015Review
- Cryo-EM analysis of the organization of BclA and BxpB in the Bacillus anthracis exosporium.Journal of structural biology · 2014Article
- The Clostridium difficile exosporium cysteine (CdeC)-rich protein is required for exosporium morphogenesis and coat assembly.Journal of bacteriology · 2013Article
- A genetic approach for the identification of exosporium assembly determinants of Bacillus anthracis.Journal of microbiological methods · 2013Article
- Immunization of mice with formalin-inactivated spores from avirulent Bacillus cereus strains provides significant protection from challenge with Bacillus anthracis Ames.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2013Article
- Characterization of a multi-component anthrax vaccine designed to target the initial stages of infection as well as toxaemia.Journal of medical microbiology · 2012Article
- Localization and assembly of the novel exosporium protein BetA of Bacillus anthracis.Journal of bacteriology · 2011Article
- Current physical and SDS extraction methods do not efficiently remove exosporium proteins from Bacillus anthracis spores.Journal of microbiological methods · 2011Article
- The co-dependence of BxpB/ExsFA and BclA for proper incorporation into the exosporium of Bacillus anthracis.Molecular microbiology · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The Bacillus anthracis spore is the causative agent of the disease anthrax. The outermost structure of the B. anthracis spore, the exosporium, is a shell composed of approximately 20 proteins. The function of the exosporium remains poorly understood and is an area of active investigation. In this study, we analyzed the previously identified but uncharacterized exosporium protein ExsK. We found that, in contrast to other exosporium proteins, ExsK is present in at least two distinct locations, i.e., the spore surface as well as a more interior location underneath the exosporium. In spores that lack the exosporium basal layer protein ExsFA/BxpB, ExsK fails to encircle the spore and instead is present at only one spore pole, indicating that ExsK assembly to the spore is partially dependent on ExsFA/BxpB. In spores lacking the exosporium surface protein BclA, ExsK fails to mature into high-molecular-mass species observed in wild-type spores. These data suggest that the assembly and maturation of ExsK within the exosporium are dependent on ExsFA/BxpB and BclA. We also found that ExsK is not required for virulence in murine and guinea pig models but that it does inhibit germination. Based on these data, we propose a revised model of exosporium maturation and assembly and suggest a novel role for the exosporium in germination.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.