ReviewVaccine2009
Influenza vaccines.
Review in Vaccine, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed.
- Induction of broadly cross-reactive antibody responses to the influenza HA stem region following H5N1 vaccination in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2014Trial
- Fluorinated carbohydrate-based vaccines.Chemical science · 2026Review
- mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines: an overview of immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Use of the Slow-Delivery Platform, VacSIM, Shapes the Host Immune Response to Increase Protection Against Influenza Infection.Viruses · 2025Article
- Review
- Intranasal COVID-19 vaccine induces respiratory memory T cells and protects K18-hACE mice against SARS-CoV-2 infection.NPJ vaccines · 2023Article
- Differential Recognition of Computationally Optimized H3 Hemagglutinin Influenza Vaccine Candidates by Human Antibodies.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Review
- The impact of the suppression of highly connected protein interactions on the corona virus infection.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Article
- Avian Influenza in Wild Birds and Poultry: Dissemination Pathways, Monitoring Methods, and Virus Ecology.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Review
- Structural basis of Blastomyces Endoglucanase-2 adjuvancy in anti-fungal and -viral immunity.PLoS pathogens · 2021Article
- Targeting the Host Response: Can We Manipulate Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Activity to Improve Influenza Virus Infection Outcomes?Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- Human Antibodies Targeting Influenza B Virus Neuraminidase Active Site Are Broadly Protective.Immunity · 2020Article
- Article
- Mucosal Vaccination for Influenza Protection Enhanced by Catalytic Immune-Adjuvant.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2020Article
- Structure of avian influenza hemagglutinin in complex with a small molecule entry inhibitor.Life science alliance · 2020Article
- Adjuvanted H5N1 influenza vaccine enhances both cross-reactive memory B cell and strain-specific naive B cell responses in humans.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2020Article
- Immunization with DNA prime-subunit protein boost strategy based on influenza H9N2 virus conserved matrix protein M1 and its epitope screening.Scientific reports · 2020Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Influenza A viruses pose a substantial threat to the human population whether by purposeful manipulation and release or by the natural process of interspecies transmissions from animal reservoirs. The challenge with preparing for these events with vaccination strategies is that the best forms of protective immunity target the most variable of the viral proteins, hemagglutinin. Add to this even just the natural extent of variation in this protein and the challenges to vaccinologists become great. Progress must be made in the area of streamlining the conventional vaccine approaches, but also in further defining and testing more conserved protective antigens. Within the context of biodefense, the issue will be to reach a balance where some of the diversity of influenza viruses can be encompassed within a vaccine while maintaining an acceptable level of efficacy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.