ArticleAmerican journal of public health2009
Communicating treatment risk reduction to people with low numeracy skills: a cross-cultural comparison.
Article in American journal of public health, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT04102540 (Information Visualizations to Facilitate HIV-related Patient-provider Communication in New York City), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Information Visualizations to Facilitate HIV-related Patient-provider Communication in New York City (Info Viz: HIV-NYC)
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Impact of Contraceptive Education on Knowledge and Decision Making: An Updated Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Impact of Contraceptive Education on Contraceptive Knowledge and Decision Making: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Risk as an attribute in discrete choice experiments: a systematic review of the literature.The patient · 2014Pooled it
- Addressing health literacy in patient decision aids.BMC medical informatics and decision making · 2013Pooled it
- Icon arrays reduce concern over COVID-19 vaccine side effects: a randomized control study.Cognitive research: principles and implications · 2022Trial
- Comparison of two statistical indicators in communicating epidemiological results to the population: a randomized study in a high environmental risk area of Italy.BMC public health · 2019Trial
- A new graphical format to communicate treatment effects to patients-A web-based randomized controlled trial.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2017Trial
- How to reduce the effect of framing on messages about health.Journal of general internal medicine · 2010Trial
- The Lure of Beauty: People Select Representations of Statistical Information Largely Based on Attractiveness, Not Comprehensibility.Medical decision making : an international journal of the Society for Medical Decision MakingTrial
- Visualizing Non-linear Prognosis: A Vital Tool for Shared Decision-making in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.Neurologia medico-chirurgica · 2026Article
- Statistical misreasoning in online content about vaccines: Implications and recommendations for addressing disinformation.PloS one · 2026Article
- Defining the strategies to advance health-literacy-friendly patient decision aids based on the ICA-NRM approach.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Cross-sectional study of healthcare professionals' estimates of the health numeracy of inpatients and outpatients in a UK secondary care setting.BMJ public health · 2025Article
- Article
- Laypersons' understanding of statistical concepts commonly used in prescription drug promotion: A review of the research literature.Research in social & administrative pharmacy : RSAP · 2024Article
- Motivated reasoning about climate change and the influence of Numeracy, Need for Cognition, and the Dark Factor of Personality.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A pilot test of an infographic-based health communication intervention to enhance patient education among Latino persons with HIV.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
- Detecting Heterogeneity of Intervention Effects in Comparative Judgments.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2023Article
- Using Icon Arrays to Communicate Gambling Information Reduces the Appeal of Scratch Card Games.Journal of gambling studies · 2023Article
- Differences in Data Trustworthiness and Risk Perception between Bar Graphs and Pictograms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesWe sought to address denominator neglect (i.e. the focus on the number of treated and nontreated patients who died, without sufficiently considering the overall numbers of patients) in estimates of treatment risk reduction, and analyzed whether icon arrays aid comprehension.
methodsWe performed a survey of probabilistic, national samples in the United States and Germany in July and August of 2008. Participants received scenarios involving equally effective treatments but differing in the overall number of treated and nontreated patients. In some conditions, the number who received a treatment equaled the number who did not; in others the number was smaller or larger. Some participants received icon arrays.
resultsParticipants-particularly those with low numeracy skills-showed denominator neglect in treatment risk reduction perceptions. Icon arrays were an effective method for eliminating denominator neglect. We found cross-cultural differences that are important in light of the countries' different medical systems.
conclusionsProblems understanding numerical information often reside not in the mind but in the problem's representation. These findings suggest suitable ways to communicate quantitative medical data.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.