ReviewCurrent opinion in lipidology2009
Combination therapy of statins and fibrates in the management of cardiovascular risk.
Review in Current opinion in lipidology, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of statins, ezetimibe, and fibrates monotherapy or combination therapy for hyperlipidemia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.European journal of medical research · 2025Pooled it
- The interplay of factors in metabolic syndrome: understanding its roots and complexity.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Review
- Ferroptosis as a potential new therapeutic target for diabetes and its complications.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
- Fenofibrate Attenuates Renal Tubular Cell Apoptosis by Up-Regulating MCAD in Diabetic Kidney Disease.Drug design, development and therapy · 2023Article
- Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibitors as Adjuvant Treatments for Patients with Hypercholesterolemia Treated with Statin: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Integrated human/SARS-CoV-2 metabolic models present novel treatment strategies against COVID-19.Life science alliance · 2021Article
- Article
- Observational
- Lipid-lowering drug prescriptions in a group of Colombian patients.Biomedica : revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud · 2019Article
- Long-Acting Injectable Statins-Is It Time for a Paradigm Shift?Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Inhibition of JNK signalling mediates PPARα-dependent protection against intrahepatic cholestasis by fenofibrate.British journal of pharmacology · 2017Article
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor α Activation Suppresses Cytochrome P450 Induction Potential in Mice Treated with Gemfibrozil.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2017Article
- PPARα-dependent increase of mouse urine output by gemfibrozil and fenofibrate.Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology · 2017Article
- Antilipidemic Drug Therapy Today and in the Future.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2016Review
- Cardiovascular diseases in China: Current status and future perspectives.International journal of cardiology. Heart & vasculature · 2015Review
- Gemfibrozil disrupts lysophosphatidylcholine and bile acid homeostasis via PPARα and its relevance to hepatotoxicity.Archives of toxicology · 2014Article
- A clinician's guide to the ABCs of cardiovascular disease prevention: the Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease and American College of Cardiology Cardiosource Approach to the Million Hearts Initiative.Clinical cardiology · 2013Review
- Biphasic regulation of intracellular calcium by gemfibrozil contributes to inhibiting L6 myoblast differentiation: implications for clinical myotoxicity.Chemical research in toxicology · 2011Article
- Fenofibrate and metabolic syndrome.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purpose of reviewDespite the fact that statin treatment substantially reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, many treated patients still experience a high residual risk. Statins lower LDL cholesterol (LDL-C), with limited effects on other lipid parameters. Fibrates improve atherogenic dyslipidemia characterized by high triglyceride and/or low HDL cholesterol levels and elevated concentrations of small dense LDL particles, with or without high LDL-C levels. Fibrates decrease cardiovascular morbidity, especially in patients with the metabolic syndrome. The purpose of this review is to provide a rationale for the combined use of statins and fibrates in the management of patients with high residual cardiovascular risk related to atherogenic dyslipidemia and persisting after single therapy. RECENT
findingsA meta-analysis from 14 randomized trials conducted in high-risk patients reported that statin therapy is effective in reducing the proportional risk for major vascular events by 21% for each mmol/l lowering of LDL-C. However, on an average, 14% of patients still experienced an event despite being allocated to statin. Beyond LDL-C, other factors, including triglycerides, non-HDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and apolipoprotein B, have been identified as factors determining residual risk, and normalization of these parameters may further decrease cardiovascular disease in patients treated with statins. Data from fibrate trials indicate that these drugs are particularly effective in reducing cardiovascular morbidity in patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia. SUMMARY: Reducing the residual cardiovascular risk in patients treated with statins requires addressing multiple lipid goals. In this context, future therapeutic interventions based on combination therapy, such as statins and fibrates, appear particularly promising.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.