ArticleBlood2009
Evidence for a novel human-specific xeno-auto-antibody response against vascular endothelium.
Article in Blood, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.
- Anti-Gal and Anti-Neu5Gc Responses in Nonimmunosuppressed Patients After Treatment With Rabbit Antithymocyte Polyclonal IgGs.Transplantation · 2017Trial
- Rabbit antithymocyte globulin-induced serum sickness disease and human kidney graft survival.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2015Trial
- Analysis of the Milk Oligosaccharides Spectrum and Sialylation Status of Milk from West African Dwarf Goat and East Friesian Sheep.ACS omega · 2026Article
- Polysialic Acid Synthesis on theACS omega · 2026Article
- Glycoprofile Comparison of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins Expressed in CHO and HEK Cell Lines.Molecular biotechnology · 2025Article
- The Role of Non-Human Sialic Acid Neu5Gc-Containing Glycoconjugates in Human Tumors: A Review of Clinical and Experimental Evidence.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Inactivation of the CMAH gene and deficiency of Neu5Gc play a role in human brain evolution.Inflammation and regeneration · 2025Review
- Structural Characterization and Abundance of Sialylated Milk Oligosaccharides in Holstein Cows during Early Lactation.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- A systematic review reveals conflicting evidence for the prevalence of antibodies against the sialic acid 'xenoautoantigen' Neu5Gc in humans and the need for a standardised approach to quantification.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2024Review
- Comparative physiological anthropogeny: exploring molecular underpinnings of distinctly human phenotypes.Physiological reviews · 2023Review
- LIS1, a glyco-humanized swine polyclonal anti-lymphocyte globulin, as a novel induction treatment in solid organ transplantation.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Detection of N-glycolyl-neuraminic acid-containing glycolipids in human skin.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Immune disguise: the mechanisms of Neu5Gc inducing autoimmune and transplant rejection.Genes and immunity · 2022Review
- N-glycolylneuraminic acid serum biomarker levels are elevated in breast cancer patients at all stages of disease.BMC cancer · 2022Article
- How bacteria utilize sialic acid during interactions with the host: snip, snatch, dispatch, match and attach.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2022Review
- Can Heart Valve Decellularization Be Standardized? A Review of the Parameters Used for the Quality Control of Decellularization Processes.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Review
- In-depth characterization of non-human sialic acid (Neu5Gc) in human serum using label-free ZIC-HILIC/MRM-MS.Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry · 2021Article
- Possible Biochemical Processes Underlying the Positive Health Effects of Plant-Based Diets-A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Evolutionary conservation of human ketodeoxynonulosonic acid production is independent of sialoglycan biosynthesis.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2021Article
- Sialylated immunoglobulin G: a promising diagnostic and therapeutic strategy for autoimmune diseases.Theranostics · 2021Review
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Humans are genetically unable to synthesize the common mammalian sialic acid N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc). However, Neu5Gc can be metabolically incorporated and covalently expressed on cultured human cell surfaces. Meanwhile, humans express varying and sometimes high titers of polyclonal anti-Neu5Gc antibodies. Here, a survey of human tissues by immunohistochemistry with both a monospecific chicken anti-Neu5Gc antibody and with affinity-purified human anti-Neu5Gc antibodies demonstrates endothelial expression of Neu5Gc, likely originating from Neu5Gc-rich foods like red meats. We hypothesized that the combination of Neu5Gc incorporation and anti-Neu5Gc antibodies can induce endothelial activation. Indeed, the incubation of high-titer human sera with Neu5Gc-fed endothelial cells led to Neu5Gc-dependent antibody binding, complement deposition, endothelial activation, selectin expression, increased cytokine secretion, and monocyte binding. The proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha also selectively enhanced human anti-Neu5Gc antibody reactivity. Anti-Neu5Gc antibodies affinity-purified from human serum also directed Neu5Gc-dependent complement deposition onto cultured endothelial cells. These data indicate a novel human-specific mechanism in which Neu5Gc-rich foods deliver immunogenic Neu5Gc to the endothelium, giving anti-Neu5Gc antibody- and complement-dependent activation, and potentially contributing to human vascular pathologies. In the case of atherosclerosis, Neu5Gc is present both in endothelium overlying plaques and in subendothelial regions, providing multiple pathways for accelerating inflammation in this disease.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.