ArticleBMC international health and human rights2009
Equity and vaccine uptake: a cross-sectional study of measles vaccination in Lasbela District, Pakistan.
Article in BMC international health and human rights, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
53 citing papers in PubMed.
- Development of a prediction rule for incomplete vaccination among children in Indonesia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and associated factors of immunization among under-five children in Somalia.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Prevalence and determinants of full vaccination coverage according to the national schedule among children aged 12-35 months in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Group-based trajectory models of integrated vaccine delivery and equity in low- and middle-income countries.International journal for equity in health · 2024Article
- Predictors of Uptake of Rotavirus Vaccination Amongst Disadvantaged Communities in Pakistan.Global pediatric health · 2024Article
- Equitable and effective vaccine access considering vaccine hesitancy and capacity constraints.Omega · 2023Article
- The impact of collective action dilemma on vaccine hesitancy: Evidence from China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Associated factors with vaccine hesitancy in mothers of children up to two years old in a Brazilian city.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Socioeconomic Inequalities and Vaccine Uptake: An Umbrella Review Protocol.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- An equitable and accessible vaccine supply chain network in the epidemic outbreak of COVID-19 under uncertainty.Journal of ambient intelligence and humanized computing · 2022Article
- Multi-period vaccine allocation model in a pandemic: A case study of COVID-19 in Australia.Transportation research. Part E, Logistics and transportation review · 2022Article
- An analysis of the gender and social determinants of health in urban poor areas of the most populated cities of Pakistan.International journal for equity in health · 2022Article
- Creation of a Global Vaccine Risk Index.PloS one · 2022Article
- Nutritional and immunization status of under-five children of India and Bangladesh.BMC nutrition · 2021Article
- Trends and determinants of vaccination among children aged 06-59 months in Bangladesh: country representative survey from 1993 to 2014.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Explaining socioeconomic inequalities in immunisation coverage in India: new insights from the fourth National Family Health Survey (2015-16).BMC pediatrics · 2020Observational
- Why Have Immunization Efforts in Pakistan Failed to Achieve Global Standards of Vaccination Uptake and Infectious Disease Control?Risk management and healthcare policy · 2020Review
- Promoting equity in immunization coverage through supply chain design in Pakistan.Gates open research · 2020Article
- Coverage and Determinants of Full Immunization: Vaccination Coverage among Senegalese Children.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAchieving equity means increased uptake of health services for those who need it most. But the poorest families continue to have the poorest service. In Pakistan, large numbers of children do not access vaccination against measles despite the national government's effort to achieve universal coverage.
methodsA cross-sectional study of a random sample of 23 rural and 9 urban communities in the Lasbela district of south Pakistan, explored knowledge, attitudes and discussion around measles vaccination. Several socioeconomic variables allowed examination of the role of inequities in vaccination uptake; 2479 mothers provided information about 4007 children aged 10 to 59 months. A Mantel-Haenszel stratification analysis, with and without adjustment for clustering, clarified determinants of measles vaccination in urban and rural areas.
resultsA high proportion of mothers had appropriate knowledge of and positive attitudes to vaccination; many discussed vaccination, but only one half of children aged 10-59 months accessed vaccination. In urban areas, having an educated mother, discussing vaccinations, having correct knowledge about vaccinations, living in a community with a government vaccination facility within 5 km, and living in houses with better roofs were associated with vaccination uptake after adjusting for the effect of each of these variables and for clustering; maternal education was an equity factor even among those with good access. In rural areas, the combination of roof quality and access (vaccination post within 5 km) along with discussion about vaccines and knowledge about vaccines had an effect on uptake.
conclusionStagnating rates of vaccination coverage may be related to increasing inequities. A hopeful finding is that discussion about vaccines and knowledge about vaccines had a positive effect that was independent of the negative effect of inequity - in both urban and rural areas. At least as a short term strategy, there seems to be reason to expect an intervention increasing knowledge and discussion about vaccination in this district might increase uptake.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.