Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19828049›Full record

ArticleBMC genomics2009

Epigenetic regulation of the honey bee transcriptome: unravelling the nature of methylated genes.

Sylvain Foret, Robert Kucharski, Yvonne Pittelkow, Gabrielle A Lockett, Ryszard Maleszka

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC genomics, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 73 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
73citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

73 citing papers in PubMed, 159 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  3. Epigenetic Mechanisms inCurrent issues in molecular biology · 2025
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  5. Climate change-induced stress in the honey beeFrontiers in physiology · 2025
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  10. Article
  11. Review
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  14. The role of epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation, in the evolution of caste in insect societies.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2021
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

13 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sylvain ForetCentre for Bioinformation, Mathematical Sciences Institute, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200, Australia. Sylvain.Foret@anu.edu.au
Robert Kucharski
Yvonne Pittelkow
Gabrielle A Lockett
Ryszard Maleszka
Australian National University · AUAustralian Mathematical Sciences Institute · AU

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpigenetic modification of DNA via methylation is one of the key inventions in eukaryotic evolution. It provides a source for the switching of gene activities, the maintenance of stable phenotypes and the integration of environmental and genomic signals. Although this process is widespread among eukaryotes, both the patterns of methylation and their relevant biological roles not only vary noticeably in different lineages, but often are poorly understood. In addition, the evolutionary origins of DNA methylation in multicellular organisms remain enigmatic. Here we used a new 'epigenetic' model, the social honey bee Apis mellifera, to gain insights into the significance of methylated genes.

resultsWe combined microarray profiling of several tissues with genome-scale bioinformatics and bisulfite sequencing of selected genes to study the honey bee methylome. We find that around 35% of the annotated honey bee genes are expected to be methylated at the CpG dinucleotides by a highly conserved DNA methylation system. We show that one unifying feature of the methylated genes in this species is their broad pattern of expression and the associated 'housekeeping' roles. In contrast, genes involved in more stringently regulated spatial or temporal functions are predicted to be un-methylated.

conclusionOur data suggest that honey bees use CpG methylation of intragenic regions as an epigenetic mechanism to control the levels of activity of the genes that are broadly expressed and might be needed for conserved core biological processes in virtually every type of cell. We discuss the implications of our findings for genome-scale regulatory network structures and the evolution of the role(s) of DNA methylation in eukaryotes. Our findings are particularly important in the context of the emerging evidence that environmental factors can influence the epigenetic settings of some genes and lead to serious metabolic and behavioural disorders.

Indexed as

DNA MethylationEpigenesis, GeneticGene Expression ProfilingAnimalsBeesComputational BiologyCpG IslandsGene Expression RegulationGenes, InsectGenome, InsectOligonucleotide Array Sequence AnalysisSequence Analysis, DNA

Identifiers

PMID19828049
PMCPMC2768749
OpenAlexW2042933233

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.