ReviewClinical microbiology reviews2009
Clinical significance of enteric protozoa in the immunosuppressed human population.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 83 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 248 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Blastocystis sp. infection and immunocompromised patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2021Pooled it
- 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Guideline
- Guidelines for the prevention and treatment of opportunistic infections in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children: recommendations from the National Institutes of Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society, and the American Academy of Pediatrics.The Pediatric infectious disease journal · 2013Guideline
- Follow-up study to assess the use and performance of household filters in Zambia.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2013Trial
- Trial
- Giardiasis in the Immunocompromised: A Case Series Highlighting Diagnostic Pitfalls and Treatment Challenges.Cureus · 2025Article
- Assessment ofInfectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Emergence ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Genotypic characterization ofFood and waterborne parasitology · 2025Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the Use of Singleplex and Duplex CerTest VIASURE Real-Time PCR Assays to Detect Common Intestinal Protist Parasites.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Diversity and composition of gut protist in young rural Zimbabwean children.Frontiers in microbiomes · 2024Article
- Cryptosporidiosis in a Zoonotic Gastrointestinal Disorder Perspective: Present Status, Risk Factors, Pathophysiology, and Treatment, Particularly in Immunocompromised Patients.Journal of tropical medicine · 2024Review
- Genotyping and epidemiological distribution of diarrhea-causing isolates of Giardia duodenalis in southeastern part of West Bengal, India.Parasitology research · 2023Article
- Microsporidia in HIV-Positive and HIV-Negative Pediatric Patients with Diarrhea at a Tertiary Care Hospital.Journal of laboratory physicians · 2023Article
- Diarrhoeal pathogens in the stools of children living with HIV in Ibadan, Nigeria.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Extensive testing of a multi-locus sequence typing scheme for Giardia duodenalis assemblage A confirms its good discriminatory power.Parasites & vectors · 2022Article
- Evaluation of a Novel Commercial Real-Time PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Conserved metabolic enzymes as vaccine antigens for giardiasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2022Article
- Prevalence of Intestinal Parasites among Immunocompromised Patients, Children, and Adults in Sana'a, Yemen.Journal of tropical medicine · 2022Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Globally, the number of immunosuppressed people increases each year, with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pandemic continuing to spread unabated in many parts of the world. Immunosuppression may also occur in malnourished persons, patients undergoing chemotherapy for malignancy, and those receiving immunosuppressive therapy. Components of the immune system can be functionally or genetically abnormal as a result of acquired (e.g., caused by HIV infection, lymphoma, or high-dose steroids or other immunosuppressive medications) or congenital illnesses, with more than 120 congenital immunodeficiencies described to date that either affect humoral immunity or compromise T-cell function. All individuals affected by immunosuppression are at risk of infection by opportunistic parasites (such as the microsporidia) as well as those more commonly associated with gastrointestinal disease (such as Giardia). The outcome of infection by enteric protozoan parasites is dependent on absolute CD4(+) cell counts, with lower counts being associated with more severe disease, more atypical disease, and a greater risk of disseminated disease. This review summarizes our current state of knowledge on the significance of enteric parasitic protozoa as a cause of disease in immunosuppressed persons and also provides guidance on recent advances in diagnosis and therapy for the control of these important parasites.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.