ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2009
Chronic exercise reduces illness severity, decreases viral load, and results in greater anti-inflammatory effects than acute exercise during influenza infection.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hygiene Behaviors Associated with Influenza-Like Illness among Adults in Beijing, China: A Large, Population-Based Survey.PloS one · 2016Trial
- The immunologic injury composite with balloon injury leads to dyslipidemia: a robust rabbit model of human atherosclerosis and vulnerable plaque.Journal of biomedicine & biotechnology · 2012Trial
- Severe exercise and exercise training exert opposite effects on human neutrophil apoptosis via altering the redox status.PloS one · 2011Trial
- An Overview of the Effects of Exercise on Viral Infection in Obesity: Recent Advances and Potential Mechanisms.Applied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Article
- Role of Physical Activity in the Prevention and Treatment of Influenza: A Review.Sports medicine - open · 2023Review
- Synchronous and asynchronous tele-exercise during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: Comparisons of implementation and training load in individuals with spinal cord injury.Journal of telemedicine and telecare · 2023Article
- Exercise sustains the hallmarks of health.Journal of sport and health science · 2023Review
- Effects of Exercise on COVID-19 Patients: A Narrative Review.Medical journal of the Islamic Republic of Iran · 2022Review
- Effects of physical activity on the severity of illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
- Unraveling Muscle Impairment Associated With COVID-19 and the Role of 3D Culture in Its Investigation.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Exercise duration modulates upper and lower respiratory fluid cellularity, antiviral activity, and lung gene expression.Physiological reports · 2021Article
- The central role of mitochondrial fitness on antiviral defenses: An advocacy for physical activity during the COVID-19 pandemic.Redox biology · 2021Review
- Exercising in the COVID-19 era: implications in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).BMJ open gastroenterology · 2021Article
- Position Statement on Post-COVID-19 Cardiovascular Preparticipation Screening: Guidance for Returning to Physical Exercise and Sports - 2020.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2021Article
- The Relevance of a Physical Active Lifestyle and Physical Fitness on Immune Defense: Mitigating Disease Burden, With Focus on COVID-19 Consequences.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Exercise and COVID-19 as an Infectious Disease.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2020Article
- Coronavirus disease-2019: A tocsin to our aging, unfit, corpulent, and immunodeficient society.Journal of sport and health science · 2020Review
- The COVID-19 pandemic and physical activity.Sports medicine and health science · 2020Review
- The compelling link between physical activity and the body's defense system.Journal of sport and health science · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedYoon, Kyoungjin J [corrected to Yoon, Kyoung-Jin]
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIt is assumed that moderate exercise may improve resistance to infection and reduce inflammation, but there are limited data to support this assumption in an infection model.
methodsBALB/cJ mice were assigned to the following groups: no exercise (NON-EX), 1 session of acute exercise (A-EX), or chronic exercise for approximately 3.5 months (C-EX). Mice were infected with influenza (C-EX mice infected at rest; A-EX mice infected 15 min after exercise).
resultsC-EX mice demonstrated the lowest severity of infection, assessed by body weight loss and food intake. There was less virus in the lungs at day 5 after infection in C-EX and A-EX mice compared with NON-EX mice (P = .02) and less virus at day 2 after infection only in C-EX mice (P = .07). Soon after infection (day 2), interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid were lower in C-EX and A-EX than in NON-EX mice. At day 5 after infection, the BAL fluid from C-EX (but not A-EX) mice had less IL-6, interleukin 12p40, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, keratinococyte-derived chemokine, and MCP-1 than that from NON-EX mice. A trend toward reduced immunopathologic response was found in C-EX mice.
conclusionsChronic exercise resulted in reduced symptoms, virus load, and levels of inflammatory cytokine and chemokines. Acute exercise also showed some benefit, which was limited to the early phase of infection.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.