Trial reportThe Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism2009
The impact of exercise training compared to caloric restriction on hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance in obesity.
Trial report in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Calorie Restriction on Exercise Performance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Comparing exercise modalities during caloric restriction: a systematic review and network meta-analysis on body composition.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of exercise training on insulin-stimulated glucose disposal: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2023Pooled it
- Comparisons of calorie restriction and structured exercise on reductions in visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue: a systematic review.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Histological improvements following energy restriction and exercise: The role of insulin resistance in resolution of MASH.Journal of hepatology · 2024Trial
- Dietary weight loss-induced improvements in metabolic function are enhanced by exercise in people with obesity and prediabetes.Nature metabolism · 2023Trial
- Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training with Caloric Restriction Reduces Insulin Resistance in Obese Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Trial
- Worksite-based intensive lifestyle therapy has profound cardiometabolic benefits in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes.Cell metabolism · 2022Trial
- Whey protein consumption following fasted exercise reduces early postprandial glycaemia in centrally obese males: a randomised controlled trial.European journal of nutrition · 2021Trial
- Essential amino acid-enriched meal replacement promotes superior net protein balance in older, overweight adults.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2019Trial
- Physical deconditioning is the common denominator in both obese and overweight subjects with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2018Trial
- Trial
- The impact of acute bouts of interval and continuous walking on energy-intake and appetite regulation in subjects with type 2 diabetes.Physiological reports · 2017Trial
- Trial
- Bed rest promotes reductions in walking speed, functional parameters, and aerobic fitness in older, healthy adults.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2015Trial
- High Intensity Interval Training Improves Glycaemic Control and Pancreatic β Cell Function of Type 2 Diabetes Patients.PloS one · 2015Trial
- Effects of high vs. moderate exercise intensity during interval training on lipids and adiponectin levels in obese young females.European journal of applied physiology · 2013Trial
- Whey protein and essential amino acids promote the reduction of adipose tissue and increased muscle protein synthesis during caloric restriction-induced weight loss in elderly, obese individuals.Nutrition journal · 2012Trial
- Effectiveness of diet versus exercise intervention on weight reduction in local Japanese residents.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2012Trial
- A low-glycemic index diet combined with exercise reduces insulin resistance, postprandial hyperinsulinemia, and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide responses in obese, prediabetic humans.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2010Trial
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
contextIt has been difficult to distinguish the independent effects of caloric restriction versus exercise training on insulin resistance.
objectiveUtilizing metabolic feeding and supervised exercise training, we examined the influence of caloric restriction vs. exercise training with and without weight loss on hepatic and peripheral insulin resistance. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND
interventionThirty-four obese, older subjects were randomized to: caloric restriction with weight loss (CR), exercise training with weight loss (EWL), exercise training without weight loss (EX), or controls. Based on an equivalent caloric deficit in EWL and CR, we induced matched weight loss. Subjects in the EX group received caloric compensation. Combined with [6,6(2)H(2)]glucose, an octreotide, glucagon, multistage insulin infusion was performed to determine suppression of glucose production (SGP) and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (ISGD). Computed tomography scans were performed to assess changes in fat distribution.
resultsBody weight decreased similarly in EWL and CR, and did not change in EX and controls. The reduction in visceral fat was significantly greater in EWL (-71 +/- 15 cm(2)) compared to CR and EX. The increase in SGP was also almost 3-fold greater (27 +/- 2%) in EWL. EWL and CR promoted similar improvements in ISGD [+2.5 +/- 0.4 and 2.4 +/- 0.9 mg x kg fat-free mass (FFM)(-1) x min(-1)], respectively.
conclusionsEWL promoted the most significant reduction in visceral fat and the greatest improvement in SGP. Equivalent increases in ISGD were noted in EWL and CR, whereas EX provided a modest improvement. Based on our results, EWL promoted the optimal intervention-based changes in body fat distribution and systemic insulin resistance.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.