ArticleInfection and immunity2009
Enterococcus faecalis capsular polysaccharide serotypes C and D and their contributions to host innate immune evasion.
Article in Infection and immunity, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Convergent evolution of immune evasion in ESKAPE pathogens: A cross-pathogen architecture of conserved host-defense checkpoints.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2026Review
- Genomic and stress resistance characterization ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Phenotypic and genomic analysis of the emerging poultry pathogenMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Genome Analysis and Characterization of Enterococcus sp. SB12 Isolated from Carpathian Artisanal Cheese.Current microbiology · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Function Analysis ofBiotech (Basel (Switzerland)) · 2025Article
- Changes in gut microbiota predict neutropenia after induction treatment in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Blood advances · 2025Article
- Review
- Exploring the role of E. faecalis enterococcal polysaccharide antigen (EPA) and lipoproteins in evasion of phagocytosis.Molecular microbiology · 2024Article
- Determinants of bacterial survival and proliferation in blood.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Enterococcal-host interactions in the gastrointestinal tract and beyond.FEMS microbes · 2024Review
- Evaluation of Enterococcal Probiotic Usage and Review of Potential Health Benefits, Safety, and Risk of Antibiotic-Resistant Strain Emergence.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comparative Genome Analysis of Enterococcus cecorum Reveals Intercontinental Spread of a Lineage of Clinical Poultry Isolates.mSphere · 2023Article
- Risk factors of enterococcal bacteriuria in cats: A retrospective study.The Canadian veterinary journal = La revue veterinaire canadienne · 2023Article
- Isolation, Identification, and Fermentation Medium Optimization of a Caproic Acid‑ProducingPolish journal of microbiology · 2022Article
- Barriers to genetic manipulation of Enterococci: Current Approaches and Future Directions.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2022Review
- Article
- Article
- Activity of CcpA-Regulated GH18 Family Glycosyl Hydrolases That Contributes to Nutrient Acquisition and Fitness in Enterococcus faecalis.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
- Metabolism of Poly-β1,4-Journal of bacteriology · 2021Article
- Inhibition of the Classical Pathway of Complement Activation Impairs Bacterial Clearance during Enterococcus faecalis Infection.Infection and immunity · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
It has become increasingly difficult to treat infections caused by Enterococcus faecalis due to its high levels of intrinsic and acquired antibiotic resistance. However, few studies have explored the mechanisms that E. faecalis employs to circumvent the host innate immune response and establish infection. Capsular polysaccharides are important virulence factors that are associated with innate immune evasion. We demonstrate, using cultured macrophages (RAW 264.7), that capsule-producing E. faecalis strains of either serotype C or D are more resistant to complement-mediated opsonophagocytosis than unencapsulated strains. We show that differences in opsonophagocytosis are not due to variations in C3 deposition but are due to the ability of capsule to mask bound C3 from detection on the surface of E. faecalis. Similarly, E. faecalis capsule masks lipoteichoic acid from detection, which correlates with decreased tumor necrosis factor alpha production by cultured macrophages in the presence of encapsulated strains compared to that in the presence of unencapsulated strains. Our studies confirm the important role of the capsule as a virulence factor of E. faecalis and provide several mechanisms by which the presence of the capsule influences evasion of the innate immune response and suggest that the capsule could be a potential target for developing alternative therapies to treat E. faecalis infections.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.