Evidence map›Paper›PMID 19805168›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009

Targeting proteins to distinct subcellular compartments reveals unique requirements for MHC class I and II presentation.

Roger Belizaire, Emil R Unanue

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Cross-presentation of citrullinated antigens drives cytotoxic CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Controlling intracellular processing to enhance spherical nucleic acid immune stimulation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. FungiProteomeDB: a database for the molecular weight and isoelectric points of the fungal proteomes.Database : the journal of biological databases and curation · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Possible therapeutic targets for SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19.Journal of allergy and infectious diseases · 2021
    Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. MHC class I and II peptide homology regulates the cellular immune response.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2020
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Roger BelizaireDepartment of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Emil R Unanue
Washington University in St. Louis · US

Funding

STUDIES OF ANTIGEN STIMULATIONR01AI022033 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI UNANUE, EMIL RAPHAEL · 1985 to 2009
$3.6M
NIAID NIH HHS AI022033NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI022033
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Peptides derived from exogenous proteins are presented by both MHC class I and II. Despite extensive study, the features of the endocytic pathway that mediate cross-presentation of exogenous antigens on MHC class I are not entirely understood and difficult to generalize to all proteins. Here, we used dendritic cells and macrophages to examine MHC class I and II presentation of hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL) in different forms, soluble and liposome encapsulated. Soluble HEL or HEL targeted to a late endosomal compartment only allowed for MHC class II presentation, in a process that was blocked by chloroquine and a cathepsin S (CatS) inhibitor; brefeldin A (BFA) also blocked presentation, indicating a requirement for nascent MHC class II. In contrast, liposome-encapsulated HEL targeted to early endosomes entered the MHC class I and II presentation pathways. Cross-presentation of HEL in early endosomal liposomes had several unique features: it was markedly increased by BFA and by blockade of the proteasome or CatS activity, it occurred independently of the transporter associated with antigen processing but required an MHC class I surface-stabilizing peptide, and it was inhibited by chloroquine. Remarkably, chloroquine facilitated MHC class I cross-presentation of soluble HEL and HEL in late endosomal liposomes. Altogether, MHC class I and II presentation of HEL occurred through pathways having distinct molecular and proteolytic requirements. Moreover, MHC class I sampled antigenic peptides from various points along the endocytic route.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrefeldin AChickensChloroquineDendritic CellsEndocytosisHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHistocompatibility Antigens Class IIHumansLiposomesMacrophagesMiceMice, Inbred NODMuramidaseBrefeldin AChloroquineHistocompatibility Antigens Class IHistocompatibility Antigens Class IILiposomesMuramidase

Identifiers

PMID19805168
PMCPMC2752404
OpenAlexW2053346961

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.