ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2009
Ancient origin of placental expression in the growth hormone genes of anthropoid primates.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of hormonal changes during pregnancy on bone metabolism - a mini review.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- Neuroendocrine crosstalk between sex and metabolic hormones: mechanisms and implications across the female reproductive spectrum.Discover endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Review
- Multiple Mammalian Cytokines and Erythropoietin-Mimetic Peptides Protect Insect Neurons via Phylogenetically Conserved Cytokine Receptor-Like Factor 3 (CRLF3).Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Article
- Cell type and cell signalling innovations underlying mammalian pregnancy.Nature ecology & evolution · 2025Article
- Impact of sex and pregnancy on hepatic CYP3A4 expression and activity in a humanized mouse model.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Article
- Insulin signaling in development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2023Article
- Evolution of the Growth Hormone Gene Duplication in Passerine Birds.Genome biology and evolution · 2023Article
- Article
- Female Health Across the Tree of Life: Insights at the Intersection of Women's Health, One Health and Planetary Health.PNAS nexus · 2022Article
- Evolution of Placental Hormones: Implications for Animal Models.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- Unique Aspects of Human Placentation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Transcriptomic analysis of primate placentas and novel rhesus trophoblast cell lines informs investigations of human placentation.BMC biology · 2021Article
- Rising maternal circulating GH during murine pregnancy suggests placental regulation.Endocrine connections · 2017Article
- Third party data gene data set of eutherian growth hormone genes.Genomics data · 2015Article
- The placenta: a multifaceted, transient organ.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2015Review
- Evolutionary perspectives into placental biology and disease.Applied & translational genomics · 2013Review
- Diversification of the eutherian placenta is associated with changes in the pace of life.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- The chimpanzee GH locus: composition, organization, and evolution.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2012Article
- Elephant transcriptome provides insights into the evolution of eutherian placentation.Genome biology and evolution · 2012Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In anthropoid primates, growth hormone (GH) genes have undergone at least 2 independent locus expansions, one in platyrrhines (New World monkeys) and another in catarrhines (Old World monkeys and apes). In catarrhines, the GH cluster has a pituitary-expressed gene called GH1; the remaining GH genes include placental GHs and placental lactogens. Here, we provide cDNA sequence evidence that the platyrrhine GH cluster also includes at least 3 placenta expressed genes and phylogenetic evidence that placenta expressed anthropoid GH genes have undergone strong adaptive evolution, whereas pituitary-expressed GH genes have faced strict functional constraint. Our phylogenetic evidence also points to lineage-specific gene gain and loss in early placental mammalian evolution, with at least three copies of the GH gene present at the time of the last common ancestor (LCA) of primates, rodents, and laurasiatherians. Anthropoid primates and laurasiatherians share gene descendants of one of these three copies, whereas rodents and strepsirrhine primates each maintain a separate copy. Eight of the amino-acid replacements that occurred on the lineage leading to the LCA of extant anthropoids have been implicated in GH signaling at the maternal-fetal interface. Thus, placental expression of GH may have preceded the separate series of GH gene duplications that occurred in catarrhines and platyrrhines (i.e., the roles played by placenta-expressed GHs in human pregnancy may have a longer evolutionary history than previously appreciated).
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.